How to cite this paper
AlQershi, N. (2021). Strategic thinking, strategic planning, strategic innovation and the performance of SMEs: The mediating role of human capital.Management Science Letters , 11(3), 1003-1012.
Refrences
Aga, G. A., Francis, D., & Rodriguez-Meza, J. (2015). SMEs, age, and jobs: A review of the literature, metrics, and evi-dence.
Albrechts, L., Balducci, A., & Hillier, J. (Eds.). (2016). Situated practices of strategic planning: An international perspec-tive. Routledge.
Alhammadi, A., & Shahadan, F. (2014). The determinants of growth performance of small services enterprises in Yem-en. Jurnal Ekonomi Malaysia, 48(1), 35-48.
Aljazeera. (2012), “Retrieved from” http://www.aljazeera.net(2012)/programs/economy and people/2012. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wHJp8pKq_xA
Al-Kilani, B. M. (2019). Strategic Planning in Higher Education in the Arab World: Toward an Effective Implementation to Overcome Challenges. In Strategic Thinking, Planning, and Management Practice in the Arab World (pp. 250-274). IGI Global.
Allison, M., & Kaye, J. (2011). Strategic planning for nonprofit organizations: A practical guide and workbook. John Wiley & Sons.
AlQershi, N. A. (2019). Innovation Capabilities as a Source of Inspiration: Towards a Sustainable Competitive Advantage in Yemeni Manufacturing Industry. International Journal of Knowledge Management and Practices, 7(1), 1.
AlQershi, N., Abas, Z. B., & Mokhtar, S. S. M. (2018). Strategic innovation and its impact on manufacturing SME per-formance in Yemen.
AlQershi, N., Abas, Z., & Mokhtar, S. (2020). The intervening effect of structural capital on the relationship between stra-tegic innovation and manufacturing SMEs’ performance in Yemen. Management Science Letters, 11(1), 21-30.
AlQershi, N., Abas, Z. B., & Mokhtar, S. S. M. (2019). Investment in the Hidden Wealth of Intellectual Capital and Its Ef-fect on Competitive Advantage. Anwesh, 4(1), 17.
AlQershi, N., Abas, Z. B., & Mokhtar, S. S. M. (2019). Prospecting for structure capital: Proactive strategic innovation and the performance of manufacturing SMEs in Yemen. International Journal of Entrepreneurship, 23(3), 1-19.
AlQershi, N., Abas, Z. B., & Mokhtar, S. S. M. (2019). The Mediating Effect of Human Capital on the Relationship be-tween Strategic Innovation and the Performance of Manufacturing SMEs in Yemen. Organizations and Markets in Emerging Economies, 10(1), 57-77.
AlQershi, N., Abas, Z., & Mokhtar, S. S. M. (2018). Strategic innovation as driver for SME performance in Yem-en. Journal of Technology and Operations Management, 13(1), 30-41.
Al‐Shammari, H. A., & Hussein, R. T. (2008). Strategic planning in emergent market organizations: empirical investiga-tion. International Journal of Commerce and Management.Westland, J. C. (2016). STRUCTURAL EQUATION MOD-ELS. Springer International PU.
Anderson, J. C., & Gerbing, D. W. (1988). Structural equation modeling in practice: A review and recommended two-step approach. Psychological Bulletin, 103(3), 411.
Andreeva, T., & Garanina, T. (2016). Do all elements of intellectual capital matter for organizational performance? Evi-dence from Russian context. Journal of Intellectual Capital, 17(2), 397-412.
Ball, K., & Lewis, V. (2016). Implementing the balanced scorecard as a strategic planning and performance management tool: A case study from McMaster University Library. In Quality and the Academic Library (pp. 259-265). Chandos Publishing.
Bontis, N., Chua Chong Keow, W., & Richardson, S. (2000). Intellectual capital and business performance in Malaysian industries. Journal of Intellectual Capital, 1(1), 85-100.
Capozza, C., & Divella, M. (2019). Human capital and firms’ innovation: evidence from emerging economies. Economics of Innovation and New Technology, 28(7), 741-757.
Charitou, C. D., & Markides, C. C. (2002). Responses to disruptive strategic innovation. MIT Sloan Management Re-view, 44(2), 55-64.
Chege, S. M., & Wang, D. (2020). The influence of technology innovation on SME performance through environmental sustainability practices in Kenya. Technology in Society, 60, 101210.
Derrick, P., & Soren, K. (2007). A Framework for Strategic Innovation. Innovation Point LLC.
Donkor, J., Donkor, G. N. A., & Kwarteng, C. K. (2018). Strategic planning and performance of SMEs in Ghana. Asia Pa-cific Journal of Innovation and Entrepreneurship.
Edinburgh Group (2013). Growing the global economy through SMEs, available at:http://www.edinburghgroup.org/media/2776/edinburgh_group_research_growing_the_global_economy_through_smes.pdf, accessed 30.12.2013. Elo.
Fararah, F. S., & Al-Swidi, A. K. (2013). The role of the perceived benefits on the relationship between service quality and customer satisfaction: a study on the Islamic microfinance and SMEs in Yemen using PLS approach. Asian Social Sci-ence, 9(10), 18.
Fararah, F. S., Al-Swidi, A. K., & Yusoff, W. S. B. W. (2014). Business Development Services Provided by Islamic Mi-crofinance Institutions and Customer Satisfaction: The Mediation Role of Perceived Benefits. A Study on SMEs in Yemen. Journal of Entrepreneurship and Business Innovation, 1(1), 60-78.
Franklin, M. E., & Foa, E. B. (2002). Cognitive behavioral treatments for obsessive compulsive disorder. A guide to treatments that work, 2, 367-386.
Global innovation index (2017). Stronger Innovation Linkages for Global.
Graetz, F. (2002). Strategic thinking versus strategic planning: towards understanding the complementari-ties. Management decision.
Gupta, A. K., & Govindarajan, V. (1984). Business unit strategy, managerial characteristics, and business unit effective-ness at strategy implementation. Academy of Management Journal, 27(1), 25-41.
Hejazi, R., Ghanbari, M., & Alipour, M. (2016). Intellectual, Human and Structural Capital Effects on Firm Performance as Measured by Tobin's Q. Knowledge and Process Management, 23(4), 259-273.
Henderson, A. E., & Hines, R. D. (2019). Using Concepts from Strategic Planning. Data Strategy in Colleges and Univer-sities: From Understanding to Implementation.
Heracleous, L. (1998). Strategic thinking or strategic planning?. Long Range Planning, 31(3), 481-487.
Horibe, F. (2016). Creating the innovation culture: Leveraging visionaries, dissenters, and other useful troublemakers in your organization. VisionArts Inc.
Kaplan, R.S., & Norton, D.P. (1992). The balanced scorecard- measures that drive performance. Harvard Business Review, January/February, pp. 71-90.
Kemp, R. L. (2018). Strategic planning in local government. Routledge.
Khalique, M., Nassir Shaari, J. A., & Isa, A. H. B. M. (2011). Intellectual capital and its major components. International Journal of Current Research, 3(6), 343.
Khan, Z., Hussain, M., Shahbaz, M., Yang, S., & Jiao, Z. (2020). Natural resource abundance, technological innovation, and human capital nexus with financial development: a case study of China. Resources Policy, 65, 101585.
Liedtka, J.M. (1998). Linking strategic thinking with strategic planning. Strategy & Leadership, 26(4), 30-5.
Lindsay, W.M., & Rue, L.W. (1980). Impact of the business environment on long range planning process: a contingency view. Academy of Management Journal, 23(3), 385-404.
Liu, C. H. (2017). The relationships among intellectual capital, social capital, and performance-The moderating role of business ties and environmental uncertainty. Tourism Management, 61, 553-561.
Mahmood, N., Jianfeng, C., Jamil, F., Karmat, J., Khan, M., & Cai, Y. (2015). Business incubators: Boon or boondoggle for SMEs and economic development of Pakistan. International Journal of u-and e-Service, Science and Technolo-gy, 8(4), 147-158.
Ministry of Yemen (2015). Ministry of Industry and Trade.
Ministry of Yemen (2016). Ministry of Technical Education and Vocational Training.
Ministry of Yemen (2017). Ministry of Industry and Trade.
Ministry of Yemen (2019). Ministry of Industry and Trade.
Mintzberg, H., Ahlstrand, B., & Lampel, J. (2005). Strategy Safari: a guided tour through the wilds of strategic manage-ment. Simon and Schuster.
Mokhtar, S. S. M., Yusoff, R. Z., & Ahmad, A. (2014). Key elements of market orientation on Malaysian SMEs perfor-mance. International Journal of Business and Society, 15(1), 49.
Mowery, D. C., Nelson, R. R., Sampat, B. N., & Ziedonis, A. A. (2015). Ivory tower and industrial innovation: University-industry technology transfer before and after the Bayh-Dole Act. Stanford University Press.
Napier, N.K. and Albert, M.S. (1990). East Asian and American perspectives on thinking strategically: the leopard and his spots. Asia Pacific Journal of Human Resources, 28)4(, 40-50.
Nusair, A. Y. A., & Osman, M. H. M. (2016). An empirical study of the effect of strategic planning on Yemeni SME per-formance. International Journal of Advanced Research, 4(8), 455-463.
OECD (2017). Enhancing the contributions of SMEs in a global and digitalized economy. Paris: Meeting of the OECD council at ministerial level, 7 – 8 June, 2017.
Omar, S. (2019). Strategic Planning in Education: A Case Study of BCAA in the United Arab Emirates. In Strategic Think-ing, Planning, and Management Practice in the Arab World (pp. 238-249). IGI Global.
O'Shannassy, T. (1999). Strategic thinking: a continuum of views and conceptualisation. RMIT Business.
Porter, M. E. (1991). Know Your Place: How to Assess the Attractiveness of your Industry and your Company's Position in it.
Ren, S., Eisingerich, A. B., & Tsai, H. T. (2015). How do marketing, research and development capabilities, and degree of internationalization synergistically affect the innovation performance of small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs)? A panel data study of Chinese SMEs. International Business Review, 24(4), 642-651.
Rothwell, W. J., & Kazanas, H. C. (2003). Planning and managing human resources: strategic planning for human re-sources management. Human Resource Development.
Sharabati, A. A. A., Naji Jawad, S., & Bontis, N. (2010). Intellectual capital and business performance in the pharmaceuti-cal sector of Jordan. Management decision, 48(1), 105-131.
Sivalogathasan, V., & Wu, X. (2015). Impact of organization motivation on intellectual capital and innovation capability of the textile and apparel industry in Sri Lanka. International Journal of Innovation Science, 7(2), 153-168.
SkyNews. (2012), “Retrieved from https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ZW7KWVEdQOY /2012.
Statista. (2019), “https://www.statista.com/statistics/809082/unemployment-rate-in-yemen/”.
Stumpf, S. A. (1989). Work Experiences that Stretch Managers′ Capacities for Strategic Thinking. Journal of Management Development, 8(5), 31–39.
Subramaniam, M., & Youndt, M. A. (2005). The influence of intellectual capital on the types of innovative capabili-ties. Academy of Management Journal, 48(3), 450-463.
Tavakoli, I., & Lawton, J. (2005). Strategic thinking and knowledge management. Handbook of business strategy.
Training, M. T. D. (2011). Thinking Strategically. Bookboon.
World Bank (2015) Jobs and Privilege: Unleashing the Employment potential of the Middle East and North Africa, the World Bank.
World Bank (2015). The republic of Yemen: Unlocking the potential for economic growth. World Bank Reports No. 102151-YE.
World Bank. (2016). Washington, D.C. U.S.A. Retrieved from http://www.worldbank.org.
Yadav, A., Pal, N., Patra, J., & Yadav, M. (2020). Strategic planning and challenges to the deployment of renewable ener-gy technologies in the world scenario: its impact on global sustainable development. Environment, Development and Sustainability, 22(1), 297-315.
Yang, X. (2014). Different choice of strategic innovation among companies in China market. Journal of Science and Technology Policy Management, 5(2), 106-121.
YMIT (2014). General report of the result of the comprehensive industrial survey 2010. Yemen Ministry of trade and in-dustry.
Zahra, S. A., & Nambisan, S. (2012). Entrepreneurship and strategic thinking in business ecosystems. Business Hori-zons, 55(3), 219-229.
Zerenler, M., Hasiloglu, S. B., & Sezgin, M. (2008). Intellectual capital and innovation performance: empirical evidence in the Turkish automotive supplier. Journal of Technology Management & Innovation, 3(4), 31-40.
Albrechts, L., Balducci, A., & Hillier, J. (Eds.). (2016). Situated practices of strategic planning: An international perspec-tive. Routledge.
Alhammadi, A., & Shahadan, F. (2014). The determinants of growth performance of small services enterprises in Yem-en. Jurnal Ekonomi Malaysia, 48(1), 35-48.
Aljazeera. (2012), “Retrieved from” http://www.aljazeera.net(2012)/programs/economy and people/2012. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wHJp8pKq_xA
Al-Kilani, B. M. (2019). Strategic Planning in Higher Education in the Arab World: Toward an Effective Implementation to Overcome Challenges. In Strategic Thinking, Planning, and Management Practice in the Arab World (pp. 250-274). IGI Global.
Allison, M., & Kaye, J. (2011). Strategic planning for nonprofit organizations: A practical guide and workbook. John Wiley & Sons.
AlQershi, N. A. (2019). Innovation Capabilities as a Source of Inspiration: Towards a Sustainable Competitive Advantage in Yemeni Manufacturing Industry. International Journal of Knowledge Management and Practices, 7(1), 1.
AlQershi, N., Abas, Z. B., & Mokhtar, S. S. M. (2018). Strategic innovation and its impact on manufacturing SME per-formance in Yemen.
AlQershi, N., Abas, Z., & Mokhtar, S. (2020). The intervening effect of structural capital on the relationship between stra-tegic innovation and manufacturing SMEs’ performance in Yemen. Management Science Letters, 11(1), 21-30.
AlQershi, N., Abas, Z. B., & Mokhtar, S. S. M. (2019). Investment in the Hidden Wealth of Intellectual Capital and Its Ef-fect on Competitive Advantage. Anwesh, 4(1), 17.
AlQershi, N., Abas, Z. B., & Mokhtar, S. S. M. (2019). Prospecting for structure capital: Proactive strategic innovation and the performance of manufacturing SMEs in Yemen. International Journal of Entrepreneurship, 23(3), 1-19.
AlQershi, N., Abas, Z. B., & Mokhtar, S. S. M. (2019). The Mediating Effect of Human Capital on the Relationship be-tween Strategic Innovation and the Performance of Manufacturing SMEs in Yemen. Organizations and Markets in Emerging Economies, 10(1), 57-77.
AlQershi, N., Abas, Z., & Mokhtar, S. S. M. (2018). Strategic innovation as driver for SME performance in Yem-en. Journal of Technology and Operations Management, 13(1), 30-41.
Al‐Shammari, H. A., & Hussein, R. T. (2008). Strategic planning in emergent market organizations: empirical investiga-tion. International Journal of Commerce and Management.Westland, J. C. (2016). STRUCTURAL EQUATION MOD-ELS. Springer International PU.
Anderson, J. C., & Gerbing, D. W. (1988). Structural equation modeling in practice: A review and recommended two-step approach. Psychological Bulletin, 103(3), 411.
Andreeva, T., & Garanina, T. (2016). Do all elements of intellectual capital matter for organizational performance? Evi-dence from Russian context. Journal of Intellectual Capital, 17(2), 397-412.
Ball, K., & Lewis, V. (2016). Implementing the balanced scorecard as a strategic planning and performance management tool: A case study from McMaster University Library. In Quality and the Academic Library (pp. 259-265). Chandos Publishing.
Bontis, N., Chua Chong Keow, W., & Richardson, S. (2000). Intellectual capital and business performance in Malaysian industries. Journal of Intellectual Capital, 1(1), 85-100.
Capozza, C., & Divella, M. (2019). Human capital and firms’ innovation: evidence from emerging economies. Economics of Innovation and New Technology, 28(7), 741-757.
Charitou, C. D., & Markides, C. C. (2002). Responses to disruptive strategic innovation. MIT Sloan Management Re-view, 44(2), 55-64.
Chege, S. M., & Wang, D. (2020). The influence of technology innovation on SME performance through environmental sustainability practices in Kenya. Technology in Society, 60, 101210.
Derrick, P., & Soren, K. (2007). A Framework for Strategic Innovation. Innovation Point LLC.
Donkor, J., Donkor, G. N. A., & Kwarteng, C. K. (2018). Strategic planning and performance of SMEs in Ghana. Asia Pa-cific Journal of Innovation and Entrepreneurship.
Edinburgh Group (2013). Growing the global economy through SMEs, available at:http://www.edinburghgroup.org/media/2776/edinburgh_group_research_growing_the_global_economy_through_smes.pdf, accessed 30.12.2013. Elo.
Fararah, F. S., & Al-Swidi, A. K. (2013). The role of the perceived benefits on the relationship between service quality and customer satisfaction: a study on the Islamic microfinance and SMEs in Yemen using PLS approach. Asian Social Sci-ence, 9(10), 18.
Fararah, F. S., Al-Swidi, A. K., & Yusoff, W. S. B. W. (2014). Business Development Services Provided by Islamic Mi-crofinance Institutions and Customer Satisfaction: The Mediation Role of Perceived Benefits. A Study on SMEs in Yemen. Journal of Entrepreneurship and Business Innovation, 1(1), 60-78.
Franklin, M. E., & Foa, E. B. (2002). Cognitive behavioral treatments for obsessive compulsive disorder. A guide to treatments that work, 2, 367-386.
Global innovation index (2017). Stronger Innovation Linkages for Global.
Graetz, F. (2002). Strategic thinking versus strategic planning: towards understanding the complementari-ties. Management decision.
Gupta, A. K., & Govindarajan, V. (1984). Business unit strategy, managerial characteristics, and business unit effective-ness at strategy implementation. Academy of Management Journal, 27(1), 25-41.
Hejazi, R., Ghanbari, M., & Alipour, M. (2016). Intellectual, Human and Structural Capital Effects on Firm Performance as Measured by Tobin's Q. Knowledge and Process Management, 23(4), 259-273.
Henderson, A. E., & Hines, R. D. (2019). Using Concepts from Strategic Planning. Data Strategy in Colleges and Univer-sities: From Understanding to Implementation.
Heracleous, L. (1998). Strategic thinking or strategic planning?. Long Range Planning, 31(3), 481-487.
Horibe, F. (2016). Creating the innovation culture: Leveraging visionaries, dissenters, and other useful troublemakers in your organization. VisionArts Inc.
Kaplan, R.S., & Norton, D.P. (1992). The balanced scorecard- measures that drive performance. Harvard Business Review, January/February, pp. 71-90.
Kemp, R. L. (2018). Strategic planning in local government. Routledge.
Khalique, M., Nassir Shaari, J. A., & Isa, A. H. B. M. (2011). Intellectual capital and its major components. International Journal of Current Research, 3(6), 343.
Khan, Z., Hussain, M., Shahbaz, M., Yang, S., & Jiao, Z. (2020). Natural resource abundance, technological innovation, and human capital nexus with financial development: a case study of China. Resources Policy, 65, 101585.
Liedtka, J.M. (1998). Linking strategic thinking with strategic planning. Strategy & Leadership, 26(4), 30-5.
Lindsay, W.M., & Rue, L.W. (1980). Impact of the business environment on long range planning process: a contingency view. Academy of Management Journal, 23(3), 385-404.
Liu, C. H. (2017). The relationships among intellectual capital, social capital, and performance-The moderating role of business ties and environmental uncertainty. Tourism Management, 61, 553-561.
Mahmood, N., Jianfeng, C., Jamil, F., Karmat, J., Khan, M., & Cai, Y. (2015). Business incubators: Boon or boondoggle for SMEs and economic development of Pakistan. International Journal of u-and e-Service, Science and Technolo-gy, 8(4), 147-158.
Ministry of Yemen (2015). Ministry of Industry and Trade.
Ministry of Yemen (2016). Ministry of Technical Education and Vocational Training.
Ministry of Yemen (2017). Ministry of Industry and Trade.
Ministry of Yemen (2019). Ministry of Industry and Trade.
Mintzberg, H., Ahlstrand, B., & Lampel, J. (2005). Strategy Safari: a guided tour through the wilds of strategic manage-ment. Simon and Schuster.
Mokhtar, S. S. M., Yusoff, R. Z., & Ahmad, A. (2014). Key elements of market orientation on Malaysian SMEs perfor-mance. International Journal of Business and Society, 15(1), 49.
Mowery, D. C., Nelson, R. R., Sampat, B. N., & Ziedonis, A. A. (2015). Ivory tower and industrial innovation: University-industry technology transfer before and after the Bayh-Dole Act. Stanford University Press.
Napier, N.K. and Albert, M.S. (1990). East Asian and American perspectives on thinking strategically: the leopard and his spots. Asia Pacific Journal of Human Resources, 28)4(, 40-50.
Nusair, A. Y. A., & Osman, M. H. M. (2016). An empirical study of the effect of strategic planning on Yemeni SME per-formance. International Journal of Advanced Research, 4(8), 455-463.
OECD (2017). Enhancing the contributions of SMEs in a global and digitalized economy. Paris: Meeting of the OECD council at ministerial level, 7 – 8 June, 2017.
Omar, S. (2019). Strategic Planning in Education: A Case Study of BCAA in the United Arab Emirates. In Strategic Think-ing, Planning, and Management Practice in the Arab World (pp. 238-249). IGI Global.
O'Shannassy, T. (1999). Strategic thinking: a continuum of views and conceptualisation. RMIT Business.
Porter, M. E. (1991). Know Your Place: How to Assess the Attractiveness of your Industry and your Company's Position in it.
Ren, S., Eisingerich, A. B., & Tsai, H. T. (2015). How do marketing, research and development capabilities, and degree of internationalization synergistically affect the innovation performance of small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs)? A panel data study of Chinese SMEs. International Business Review, 24(4), 642-651.
Rothwell, W. J., & Kazanas, H. C. (2003). Planning and managing human resources: strategic planning for human re-sources management. Human Resource Development.
Sharabati, A. A. A., Naji Jawad, S., & Bontis, N. (2010). Intellectual capital and business performance in the pharmaceuti-cal sector of Jordan. Management decision, 48(1), 105-131.
Sivalogathasan, V., & Wu, X. (2015). Impact of organization motivation on intellectual capital and innovation capability of the textile and apparel industry in Sri Lanka. International Journal of Innovation Science, 7(2), 153-168.
SkyNews. (2012), “Retrieved from https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ZW7KWVEdQOY /2012.
Statista. (2019), “https://www.statista.com/statistics/809082/unemployment-rate-in-yemen/”.
Stumpf, S. A. (1989). Work Experiences that Stretch Managers′ Capacities for Strategic Thinking. Journal of Management Development, 8(5), 31–39.
Subramaniam, M., & Youndt, M. A. (2005). The influence of intellectual capital on the types of innovative capabili-ties. Academy of Management Journal, 48(3), 450-463.
Tavakoli, I., & Lawton, J. (2005). Strategic thinking and knowledge management. Handbook of business strategy.
Training, M. T. D. (2011). Thinking Strategically. Bookboon.
World Bank (2015) Jobs and Privilege: Unleashing the Employment potential of the Middle East and North Africa, the World Bank.
World Bank (2015). The republic of Yemen: Unlocking the potential for economic growth. World Bank Reports No. 102151-YE.
World Bank. (2016). Washington, D.C. U.S.A. Retrieved from http://www.worldbank.org.
Yadav, A., Pal, N., Patra, J., & Yadav, M. (2020). Strategic planning and challenges to the deployment of renewable ener-gy technologies in the world scenario: its impact on global sustainable development. Environment, Development and Sustainability, 22(1), 297-315.
Yang, X. (2014). Different choice of strategic innovation among companies in China market. Journal of Science and Technology Policy Management, 5(2), 106-121.
YMIT (2014). General report of the result of the comprehensive industrial survey 2010. Yemen Ministry of trade and in-dustry.
Zahra, S. A., & Nambisan, S. (2012). Entrepreneurship and strategic thinking in business ecosystems. Business Hori-zons, 55(3), 219-229.
Zerenler, M., Hasiloglu, S. B., & Sezgin, M. (2008). Intellectual capital and innovation performance: empirical evidence in the Turkish automotive supplier. Journal of Technology Management & Innovation, 3(4), 31-40.