How to cite this paper
Thi, M & Thu, T. (2025). How internal factors determine digital transformation: The moderating role of leader's project management competence.Journal of Project Management, 10(2), 271-282.
Refrences
Anh, N.T.K., & Nuong, N.T.X. (2022). Factors affecting the digital transformation of businesses: A case study in Binh Dinh. Journal of Economics and Development, 304 (2), 65-74. Available at: https://ktpt.neu.edu.vn/tap-chi/so-3042/muc-luc-550/cac-nhan-to-anh-huong-den-chuyen-doi-so-cua-doanh -nghiep-truong-hop-nghien-cuu-tai-binh-dinh.380733.aspx.
Butschan, J., Heidenreich, S., Weber, B., & Kraemer, T. (2019). Tackling hurdles to digital transformation—The role of competencies for successful industrial Internet of Things (IIoT) implementation. International Journal of Innovation Management, 23(04), 1950036. https://doi.org/10.1142/S1363919619500361.
Busco, C., González, F., & Aránguiz, M. (2023). Factors that favor or hinder acquiring a digital culture in large organizations in Chile. Frontiers in Psychology, 14, 1153031. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1153031.
Cardoso, A., Pereira, M.S., Sá, J.C., Powell, D.J., Faria, S., & Magalhães, M. (2023). Digital Culture, Knowledge, and Commitment to Digital Transformation and Its Impact on the Competitiveness of Portuguese Organizations. Administrative Sciences, 14(1), 8. https://doi.org/10.3390/ admsci14010008.
Carujo, S., Anunciação, P.F., & Santos, J.R. (2022). The project management approach. A critical success factor in digital transformation initiatives. Economics and Culture, 19 (1), 64-74. DOI: 10.2478/jec-2022-0006.
Chanias, S., & Hess, T. (2016). How digital are we? Maturity models for assessing a company's status in the digital transformation. Management Report/Institut für Wirtschaftsinformatik und Neue Medien , (2), 1-14. https://www.wim.bwl.uni-muenchen.de/download/epub/mreport_2016_2.pdf.
Cichosz, M. (2018). Digitalization and Competitiveness in the Logistics Service Industry. E-Mentor, 77(5), 73–82. https://doi.org/10.15219/ em77.1392.
Clarke, N. (2012). Leadership in projects: what we know from the literature and new insights. Team Performance Management: An International Journal, 18(3/4), 128-148. https://doi.org/10.1108/135275912112410 42.
Crawford, L. (2005). Senior management perceptions of project management competence. International journal of project management, 23(1), 7–16. DOI:10.1016/j.ijproman.2004.06.005.
De Araujo, L.M., Priadana, S., Paramarta, V., & Sunarsi, D. (2021). Digital leadership in business organizations, International Journal of Educational Administration, Management, and Leadership, 2(1), 45-56, doi: 10.51629/ijeamal.v2i1.18.
Ford, D.N., & Bhargav, S. (2006). Project management quality and the value of flexible strategies. Engineering, Construction and Architectural Management, 13(3), 275-289. https://doi.org/10.1108/09699980610669697 .
Gonçalves, ML A, Penha, R., Silva, L.F., Martens, CDP, & Silva, V.F. (2023). The relationship between project management and digital transformation: Systematic literature review. Revista de Administração Mackenzie, 24(4), 1–32. https://doi.org/10.1590/1678-6971/eRAMR230075.e .
Gopal, G., Suter-Crazzolara, C., Toldo, L., & Eberhardt, W. (2019). Digital transformation in healthcare–architectures of present and future information technologies. Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine (CCLM), 57(3), 328-335. https://doi.org/10.1515/cclm-2018-0658 .
Görög M. (2013). Projektvezetés a szervezetekben. Budapest: Panem Kiadó.
Gruden, N., & Stare, A. (2018). The influence of behavioral competencies on project performance. Project Management Journal, 49(3), 98-109. https://doi.org/10.1177/8756972818770841
Hamdani, N.A., Maulani, G.A.F., Nugraha, S., Mubarok, T.M.S., & Herlianti, A.O. (2021). Corporate culture and digital transformation strategy in universities in Indonesia. Studies of Applied Economics, 39(10). DOI: 10.25115/eea.v39i10.5352.
Hair, J.F., Hult, GTM, Ringle, C.M., & Sarstedt, M. (2022). A primer on partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) (3rd ed.). Sage.
Henseler, J., Ringle, C.M., & Sarstedt, M. (2015). A new criterion for assessing discriminant validity in variance-based structural equation modeling. Journal of the academy of marketing science, 43, 115-135. https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s11747-014-0403-8.pdf .
Horváth, V. (2019). Project management competence–definitions, models, standards, and practical implications. Vezetéstudomány-Budapest Management Review, 50(11), 2–17. DOI: 10.14267/ VEZTUD.2019.11.01.
Kane, G. C. (2015). Strategy, not technology, drives digital transformation. MIT Sloan Management Review and Deloitte University Press.
Kane, G. (2019). The technology fallacy: People are the real key to digital transformation. Research Technology Management, 62(6), 44–49. https://doi.org/10.1080/08956308.2019.1661079.
Khan, S., Singh, R., Sá, J.C., Santos, G., & Ferreira, L.P. (2022). Modeling of Determinants of Logistics 4.0 adoption: insights from developing countries. Machines, 10(12), 1242. https://doi.org/10.3390/machines10121242 .
Li, L., Su, F., Zhang, W., & Mao, J.Y. (2018). Digital transformation by SME entrepreneurs: a capability perspective. Information Systems Journal, 28(6), 1129–1157. https://doi.org/10.1111/isj.12153 .
Liu, G., Liu, J., Gao, P., Yu, J., & Pu, Z. (2024). Understanding mechanisms of digital transformation in state-owned enterprises in China: An institutional perspective. Technological Forecasting and Social Change, 202. DOI:10.1016/j.techfore.2024.123288.
Magistretti, S., Dell’Era, C., & Petruzzelli, A. M. (2019). How intelligent is Watson? Enabling digital transformation through artificial intelligence. Business Horizons, 62(6), 819–829. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bushor.2019.08.004.
Man, D, T., Trang L.H., & Lan. L.T. (2024). The impact of policies on the digital transformation capability of Vietnamese agricultural enterprises: the moderating role of policy accessibility. Agricultural and Resource Economics, 10(4), 101–128. https://doi.org/10.51599/are.2024.10.04.05.
Marnewick, A.L., & Marnewick, C. (2019). The ability of project managers to implement industry 4.0-related projects. IEEE Access, 8, 314-324. DOI: 10.1109/ACCESS.2019.2961678.
Mazzei, M.J., & Noble, D. (2017). Big data dreams: a framework for corporate strategy. Business Horizons, 60(3), 405–414. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bushor.2017.01.010 .
Meyer, A.M. (2014). What are the competencies of a successful project leader? Int J Manag Cases, 16:29–36. https://www.circleinternational.co.uk/wp-content/uploads/2021/01/16.1.pdf#page=29.
Min, SA., & Kim, BY. (2021). SMEs' digital transformation competencies on platform empowerment: A case study in South Korea. The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business, 8(6), 897-907. https://doi.org/ 10.13106/jafeb.2021.vol8.no6.0897.
Li, L., Su, F., Zhang, W., & Mao, J.Y. (2018). Digital transformation by SME entrepreneurs: A capability perspective. Information Systems Journal, 28(6), 1129-1157. https://doi.org/10.1111/isj.12153 .
Ministry of Information and Communications (2023), Decision No. 2158/QD-BTTTT, approving the Scheme on determining indicators to assess the level of digital transformation of enterprises and supporting the promotion of digital transformation enterprises. November 7, 2023. https://thuvienphapluat.vn/van-ban/Doanh-nghiep/Quyet-dinh-2158-QD-BTTTT-2023-xac-dinh-Chi-so-danh-gia-muc-do-chuyen-doi-so- business-nghiep-585832.aspx.
Misbahuddin, Ma'arif, M.S., Suroso, A.I., &Triyonggo, Y. (2024). The linkage between leadership style of project manager and project performance: Evidence from the telecommunication industry. Journal of Project Management, 9(3), 163-182. DOI:10.5267/j.jpm.2024.6.001.
Nadkarni, S., & Prügl, R. (2021). Digital transformation: a review, synthesis, and opportunities for future research. Management Review Quarterly, 71, 233-341. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11301-020-00185-7.
OECD. (2017). OECD Reviews of Innovation Policy: Kazakhstan 2017, Paris: OECD Publishing. https://doi.org/10.1787/19934211.
Pelletier, C., & Cloutier, L.M. (2019). Conceptualizing digital transformation in SMEs: an ecological perspective. Journal of Small Business and Enterprise Development, 26(July 6), 855-876. https://doi.org/10.1108/JSBED-05-2019-0144.
Ribeiro, A., Amaral, A., & Barros , T. (2021). Project Manager Competencies in the Context of Industry 4.0. Procedia Computer Science, 181, 803-810. doi: 10.1016/j.procs.2021.01.233.
Salvini, G., Hofstede, G.J., Verdouw, C.N., Rijswijk, K., & Klerkx, L. (2022). Enhancing digital transformation towards virtual supply chains: a simulation game for Dutch floriculture. Production Planning & Control, 33(13), 1252-1269. https://doi.org/10.1080/09537287.2020.1858361 .
Scuotto, V., Tzanidis, T., Usai, A., & Quaglia, R. (2023). The digital humanism era was triggered by individual creativity. Journal of Business Research, 158, 113709. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2023.113709 .
Senadjki A., Yong H. N. A., Ganapathy T., & Ogbeibu S. (2023). Unlocking the potential: the impact of digital leadership on firms’ performance through digital transformation. Journal of Business and Socioeconomic Development, 4 (2), 161-177. DOI 10.1108/JBSED-06-2023-0050.
Sia, S. (2016). How DBS Bank pursues a digital business strategy. Management Information Systems Quarterly Executive,15(2), 105–121. Available at: https://openurl.ebsco.com/EPDB%3Agcd%3A12%3A30241292/detailv2.
Silvius, AG., & Schipper, RP. (2014). Sustainability in project management competencies: analyzing the competence gap of project managers. Journal of Human Resource and Sustainability Studies, 2014. DOI:10.4236/jhrss.2014.22005 .
Simion, C.P., Popa, S.C., & Albu, C. (2018, November). Project management 4.0–project management in the digital era. In Proceedings of the 12th International Conference on Project Management (pp. 93–100). https://conference.management.ase.ro/archives/2018/pdf/1_11.pdf.
Slovin, E. (1960). Slovin's Formula for Sampling Technique. Available at: https://prudencexd.weebly.com/
Solberg, E., Adamska, K., Wong, S.I., & Traavik, L.E. (2024). When managers believe technological ability is fixed. Human Resource Management Journal, 34 (2), 437-454. https://doi.org/10.1111/1748-8583.12478.
Tabachnick, B.G., & Fidell, L.S. (1996). Using Multivariate Statistics. 3rd ed., New York, Harper Collins.
Tarute, A., Duobiene, J., Kloviene, L., Vitkauskaite, E., & Varaniute, V. (2018). Identifying factors affecting the digital transformation of SMEs. Proceedings of the International Conference on Electronic Business (ICEB), 2018 - December, 373–381. Available at: https://iceb.johogo.com/proceedings/2018/ICEB2018_paper_04_full.pdf.
Teichert, R. (2019). Digital transformation maturity: A systematic review of the literature. Acta universitatis agriculturae et silviculturae mendelianae brunensis. DOI: 10.11118/actaun201967061673.
Yazici, H. J. (2020). An exploratory analysis of the project management and corporate sustainability capabilities for organizational success. International Journal of Managing Projects in Business, 13(4), 793-817. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJMPB-08-2019-0207 .
Yu, J., Wang, J., & Moon, T. (2022). Influence of digital transformation capability on operational performance. Sustainability, 14(13), 7909. https://doi.org/10.3390/issue14137909.
Zaman, U., Nawaz, S., & Nadeem, R.D. (2020). Navigating innovation success through projects. Role of CEO transformational leadership, project management best practices, and project management technology quotient. Journal of Open Innovation: Technology, Market, and Complexity, 6 (4), 168. https://doi.org/10.3390/joitmc6040168 .
Butschan, J., Heidenreich, S., Weber, B., & Kraemer, T. (2019). Tackling hurdles to digital transformation—The role of competencies for successful industrial Internet of Things (IIoT) implementation. International Journal of Innovation Management, 23(04), 1950036. https://doi.org/10.1142/S1363919619500361.
Busco, C., González, F., & Aránguiz, M. (2023). Factors that favor or hinder acquiring a digital culture in large organizations in Chile. Frontiers in Psychology, 14, 1153031. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1153031.
Cardoso, A., Pereira, M.S., Sá, J.C., Powell, D.J., Faria, S., & Magalhães, M. (2023). Digital Culture, Knowledge, and Commitment to Digital Transformation and Its Impact on the Competitiveness of Portuguese Organizations. Administrative Sciences, 14(1), 8. https://doi.org/10.3390/ admsci14010008.
Carujo, S., Anunciação, P.F., & Santos, J.R. (2022). The project management approach. A critical success factor in digital transformation initiatives. Economics and Culture, 19 (1), 64-74. DOI: 10.2478/jec-2022-0006.
Chanias, S., & Hess, T. (2016). How digital are we? Maturity models for assessing a company's status in the digital transformation. Management Report/Institut für Wirtschaftsinformatik und Neue Medien , (2), 1-14. https://www.wim.bwl.uni-muenchen.de/download/epub/mreport_2016_2.pdf.
Cichosz, M. (2018). Digitalization and Competitiveness in the Logistics Service Industry. E-Mentor, 77(5), 73–82. https://doi.org/10.15219/ em77.1392.
Clarke, N. (2012). Leadership in projects: what we know from the literature and new insights. Team Performance Management: An International Journal, 18(3/4), 128-148. https://doi.org/10.1108/135275912112410 42.
Crawford, L. (2005). Senior management perceptions of project management competence. International journal of project management, 23(1), 7–16. DOI:10.1016/j.ijproman.2004.06.005.
De Araujo, L.M., Priadana, S., Paramarta, V., & Sunarsi, D. (2021). Digital leadership in business organizations, International Journal of Educational Administration, Management, and Leadership, 2(1), 45-56, doi: 10.51629/ijeamal.v2i1.18.
Ford, D.N., & Bhargav, S. (2006). Project management quality and the value of flexible strategies. Engineering, Construction and Architectural Management, 13(3), 275-289. https://doi.org/10.1108/09699980610669697 .
Gonçalves, ML A, Penha, R., Silva, L.F., Martens, CDP, & Silva, V.F. (2023). The relationship between project management and digital transformation: Systematic literature review. Revista de Administração Mackenzie, 24(4), 1–32. https://doi.org/10.1590/1678-6971/eRAMR230075.e .
Gopal, G., Suter-Crazzolara, C., Toldo, L., & Eberhardt, W. (2019). Digital transformation in healthcare–architectures of present and future information technologies. Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine (CCLM), 57(3), 328-335. https://doi.org/10.1515/cclm-2018-0658 .
Görög M. (2013). Projektvezetés a szervezetekben. Budapest: Panem Kiadó.
Gruden, N., & Stare, A. (2018). The influence of behavioral competencies on project performance. Project Management Journal, 49(3), 98-109. https://doi.org/10.1177/8756972818770841
Hamdani, N.A., Maulani, G.A.F., Nugraha, S., Mubarok, T.M.S., & Herlianti, A.O. (2021). Corporate culture and digital transformation strategy in universities in Indonesia. Studies of Applied Economics, 39(10). DOI: 10.25115/eea.v39i10.5352.
Hair, J.F., Hult, GTM, Ringle, C.M., & Sarstedt, M. (2022). A primer on partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) (3rd ed.). Sage.
Henseler, J., Ringle, C.M., & Sarstedt, M. (2015). A new criterion for assessing discriminant validity in variance-based structural equation modeling. Journal of the academy of marketing science, 43, 115-135. https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s11747-014-0403-8.pdf .
Horváth, V. (2019). Project management competence–definitions, models, standards, and practical implications. Vezetéstudomány-Budapest Management Review, 50(11), 2–17. DOI: 10.14267/ VEZTUD.2019.11.01.
Kane, G. C. (2015). Strategy, not technology, drives digital transformation. MIT Sloan Management Review and Deloitte University Press.
Kane, G. (2019). The technology fallacy: People are the real key to digital transformation. Research Technology Management, 62(6), 44–49. https://doi.org/10.1080/08956308.2019.1661079.
Khan, S., Singh, R., Sá, J.C., Santos, G., & Ferreira, L.P. (2022). Modeling of Determinants of Logistics 4.0 adoption: insights from developing countries. Machines, 10(12), 1242. https://doi.org/10.3390/machines10121242 .
Li, L., Su, F., Zhang, W., & Mao, J.Y. (2018). Digital transformation by SME entrepreneurs: a capability perspective. Information Systems Journal, 28(6), 1129–1157. https://doi.org/10.1111/isj.12153 .
Liu, G., Liu, J., Gao, P., Yu, J., & Pu, Z. (2024). Understanding mechanisms of digital transformation in state-owned enterprises in China: An institutional perspective. Technological Forecasting and Social Change, 202. DOI:10.1016/j.techfore.2024.123288.
Magistretti, S., Dell’Era, C., & Petruzzelli, A. M. (2019). How intelligent is Watson? Enabling digital transformation through artificial intelligence. Business Horizons, 62(6), 819–829. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bushor.2019.08.004.
Man, D, T., Trang L.H., & Lan. L.T. (2024). The impact of policies on the digital transformation capability of Vietnamese agricultural enterprises: the moderating role of policy accessibility. Agricultural and Resource Economics, 10(4), 101–128. https://doi.org/10.51599/are.2024.10.04.05.
Marnewick, A.L., & Marnewick, C. (2019). The ability of project managers to implement industry 4.0-related projects. IEEE Access, 8, 314-324. DOI: 10.1109/ACCESS.2019.2961678.
Mazzei, M.J., & Noble, D. (2017). Big data dreams: a framework for corporate strategy. Business Horizons, 60(3), 405–414. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bushor.2017.01.010 .
Meyer, A.M. (2014). What are the competencies of a successful project leader? Int J Manag Cases, 16:29–36. https://www.circleinternational.co.uk/wp-content/uploads/2021/01/16.1.pdf#page=29.
Min, SA., & Kim, BY. (2021). SMEs' digital transformation competencies on platform empowerment: A case study in South Korea. The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business, 8(6), 897-907. https://doi.org/ 10.13106/jafeb.2021.vol8.no6.0897.
Li, L., Su, F., Zhang, W., & Mao, J.Y. (2018). Digital transformation by SME entrepreneurs: A capability perspective. Information Systems Journal, 28(6), 1129-1157. https://doi.org/10.1111/isj.12153 .
Ministry of Information and Communications (2023), Decision No. 2158/QD-BTTTT, approving the Scheme on determining indicators to assess the level of digital transformation of enterprises and supporting the promotion of digital transformation enterprises. November 7, 2023. https://thuvienphapluat.vn/van-ban/Doanh-nghiep/Quyet-dinh-2158-QD-BTTTT-2023-xac-dinh-Chi-so-danh-gia-muc-do-chuyen-doi-so- business-nghiep-585832.aspx.
Misbahuddin, Ma'arif, M.S., Suroso, A.I., &Triyonggo, Y. (2024). The linkage between leadership style of project manager and project performance: Evidence from the telecommunication industry. Journal of Project Management, 9(3), 163-182. DOI:10.5267/j.jpm.2024.6.001.
Nadkarni, S., & Prügl, R. (2021). Digital transformation: a review, synthesis, and opportunities for future research. Management Review Quarterly, 71, 233-341. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11301-020-00185-7.
OECD. (2017). OECD Reviews of Innovation Policy: Kazakhstan 2017, Paris: OECD Publishing. https://doi.org/10.1787/19934211.
Pelletier, C., & Cloutier, L.M. (2019). Conceptualizing digital transformation in SMEs: an ecological perspective. Journal of Small Business and Enterprise Development, 26(July 6), 855-876. https://doi.org/10.1108/JSBED-05-2019-0144.
Ribeiro, A., Amaral, A., & Barros , T. (2021). Project Manager Competencies in the Context of Industry 4.0. Procedia Computer Science, 181, 803-810. doi: 10.1016/j.procs.2021.01.233.
Salvini, G., Hofstede, G.J., Verdouw, C.N., Rijswijk, K., & Klerkx, L. (2022). Enhancing digital transformation towards virtual supply chains: a simulation game for Dutch floriculture. Production Planning & Control, 33(13), 1252-1269. https://doi.org/10.1080/09537287.2020.1858361 .
Scuotto, V., Tzanidis, T., Usai, A., & Quaglia, R. (2023). The digital humanism era was triggered by individual creativity. Journal of Business Research, 158, 113709. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2023.113709 .
Senadjki A., Yong H. N. A., Ganapathy T., & Ogbeibu S. (2023). Unlocking the potential: the impact of digital leadership on firms’ performance through digital transformation. Journal of Business and Socioeconomic Development, 4 (2), 161-177. DOI 10.1108/JBSED-06-2023-0050.
Sia, S. (2016). How DBS Bank pursues a digital business strategy. Management Information Systems Quarterly Executive,15(2), 105–121. Available at: https://openurl.ebsco.com/EPDB%3Agcd%3A12%3A30241292/detailv2.
Silvius, AG., & Schipper, RP. (2014). Sustainability in project management competencies: analyzing the competence gap of project managers. Journal of Human Resource and Sustainability Studies, 2014. DOI:10.4236/jhrss.2014.22005 .
Simion, C.P., Popa, S.C., & Albu, C. (2018, November). Project management 4.0–project management in the digital era. In Proceedings of the 12th International Conference on Project Management (pp. 93–100). https://conference.management.ase.ro/archives/2018/pdf/1_11.pdf.
Slovin, E. (1960). Slovin's Formula for Sampling Technique. Available at: https://prudencexd.weebly.com/
Solberg, E., Adamska, K., Wong, S.I., & Traavik, L.E. (2024). When managers believe technological ability is fixed. Human Resource Management Journal, 34 (2), 437-454. https://doi.org/10.1111/1748-8583.12478.
Tabachnick, B.G., & Fidell, L.S. (1996). Using Multivariate Statistics. 3rd ed., New York, Harper Collins.
Tarute, A., Duobiene, J., Kloviene, L., Vitkauskaite, E., & Varaniute, V. (2018). Identifying factors affecting the digital transformation of SMEs. Proceedings of the International Conference on Electronic Business (ICEB), 2018 - December, 373–381. Available at: https://iceb.johogo.com/proceedings/2018/ICEB2018_paper_04_full.pdf.
Teichert, R. (2019). Digital transformation maturity: A systematic review of the literature. Acta universitatis agriculturae et silviculturae mendelianae brunensis. DOI: 10.11118/actaun201967061673.
Yazici, H. J. (2020). An exploratory analysis of the project management and corporate sustainability capabilities for organizational success. International Journal of Managing Projects in Business, 13(4), 793-817. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJMPB-08-2019-0207 .
Yu, J., Wang, J., & Moon, T. (2022). Influence of digital transformation capability on operational performance. Sustainability, 14(13), 7909. https://doi.org/10.3390/issue14137909.
Zaman, U., Nawaz, S., & Nadeem, R.D. (2020). Navigating innovation success through projects. Role of CEO transformational leadership, project management best practices, and project management technology quotient. Journal of Open Innovation: Technology, Market, and Complexity, 6 (4), 168. https://doi.org/10.3390/joitmc6040168 .