Managing water resources is one of the most challenging problems in today’s world. There is an immense change in climate change, population growth, and environment, thereby increasing pressures on water resources. Due to future uncertainty and availability of resources, many priorities should be taken into account in the drinking-water system such as environmental impacts, distribution costs and fixed costs. This paper proposes a deterministic mixed-integer linear programming (MILP) model for planning and designing a water supply chain network in order to optimize multi-objective problems. The model considers costs which include fixed and variable costs, in addition, it considers sustainability in terms of environmental viewpoint. The applicability of the model is appraised through a case study whose data gathered from related articles and water and waste company reports in Iran, which consists of five candidate reservoir nodes and four dam nodes besides eleven candidate locations for treatment plants. Thereafter, the proposed model has been coded in GAMS® optimization software. The model could be an expedient tool in order to manage urban water supply chains in a cost-effective and sustainable manner to satisfy water demand at every time period.

Lean practices appear to have aided organisations in improving their operations, especially manufacturing companies. This paper reports on an in-depth study comparing Thai medium-size manufacturing companies who use Lean with those which have not yet adopted Lean. In this paper the word “Lean” is used to refer to “lean practices” as well as “lean strategies”. Lean methods include just-in-time (JIT), total productive maintenance (TPM), automation, value-stream mapping (VSM), Kaizen, material requirement planning (MRP), Kanban, 5S and waste elimination. Primary data were obtained through questionnaires which were analysed using a number of statistical processes including factor analysis (CFA) and structural equation modelling (SEM). Some 230 medium-sized manufacturing companies were the focal target of this study. Three latent variables, Lean (exogenous variable), product customisation (endogenous) and operational performance (endogenous) are formed in this study. There were 24 parameters and the findings provide further evidence regarding the effects which Lean practices have on product customisation and operational performance of the companies, for example. The methods for analyzing the data favour the proposed structural equation model. The results show that Lean strategies are linked to improved operational performance in the firms which practice them. Management teams in Thai medium-size manufacturing companies which have resisted Lean are encouraged to adopt Lean in order to improve operational performance, particularly in the present economic climate.

The disruption caused by the COVID-19 pandemic has an imbalance between demand and supply in Indonesia's manufacturing industry. The products needed to handle the spread of the virus are in high order, and there is even a product shortage. Products that are not required to prevent a pandemic have stagnated so that the manufacturing industry suddenly reduces capacity. Manufacturing companies need to coordinate quickly to be able to adjust the disruption. Manufacturing companies already have an integrated information technology system that has been the primary process in Enterprise Resources Planning (ERP). Manufacturing companies make ERP their primary system, so they need to be updated and adjusted as needed. This study obtains a questionnaire from Indonesia's manufacturing industry using the google form link and distributed through social media WhatsApp, Facebook and Instagram. Data processing was carried out by using the partial least square of 285 manufacturing company respondents. The results showed that ERP sustainability was able to influence supply chain integration (internal and external). External integration has an impact on information quality, while internal integration does not affect. Supply chain integration and information quality affect increasing firm performance. Research makes a practical contribution to the industry in optimizing ERP systems in Pandemic conditions and a theoretical contribution to ERP sustainability as a mainstay in supply chain integration.

In an operating business amidst fierce competition, the operational process needs to be developed and improved in order to reduce logistics costs which are hidden costs in all business activities. This study aimed to investigate guidelines for reducing logistics costs in the industrial business sector, and to develop a structural equations model. It was conducted quantitatively and qualitatively.

This study aims at studying the effectiveness of supply and storage management in light of the determinants of demand for health services in Saudi hospitals in an analytical framework. The survey studies the impact of logistical management of medical materials and its vital role in securing the necessary medical resources and supplies for the health institution. The study adopts the descriptive and analytical approach in order to achieve its goals and test its hypotheses, as the study was applied in the hospitals of Al-Kharj Governorate. The study finds that there was a relationship between the methods of supply and storage applied in Saudi hospitals and the determinants of demand for the health services provided. The study recommends working on developing methods of requesting suppliers, developing methods of storing medicines and medical supplies, and distributing them inside the hospital in accordance with economic standards and making use of computer technologies.

During the pandemic, many hotels have lost their source of income. The sources of hotel revenue that usually come from the sales of rooms, food and beverages, or other services have suddenly disrupted. This study was conducted to examine whether the food quality and food safety that are implemented in hotels during the social distancing period can increase customer satisfaction and increase revenue from food products made in hotels. This research was conducted by conducting observations and case studies at a hotel in Jakarta. Population and samples were taken from guests who came and bought food products at this hotel since the hotel started operating again in June 2020. This research was conducted in a descriptive quantitative manner. The analysis technique, namely path analysis, was carried out to show whether the factors of food quality, food safety, customer satisfaction have a direct or indirect effect on hotel revenue from food products. The results found that food quality, food safety and customer satisfaction had a direct impact on increasing revenue at the company.

Supply chain management is very important in improving the business system in the management sector to improve the regional economy. Based on the hotel business strategy at Lovina Beach by implementing e-payments is very important as a transaction tool starting from purchasing needs or marketing systems to the end of room payments and activities to implement the health protocol for the COVID-19 period. The research was conducted at 100 star hotels on Lovina beach Bali, regarding the importance of the main influence of social capital in driving digitalized payment systems and sharing information with microeconomic theory in improving business performance. The results obtained from simple linear quantitative statistical analysis, based on the r-square value of 63.8%, social capital can encourage electronic payments and knowledge sharing can improve hotel business performance in Lovina Beach Bali Indonesia. Research implications for applying social capital, electronic payments, sharing knowledge in improving business performance during the COVID 19 period and making business strategies to increase consumer confidence in hotels on Lovina Beach Bali.

At present, the condition of competition in a network is very tight due to rapid technological changes, economic and political stability in Indonesia which is experiencing uncertainty, and the large number of foreign investors entering, as well as new competitors. Companies themselves are required to always innovate in today's increasingly modern era. This competition must be able to create a good network in order to create competitive advantage and company performance in the formation of good Supply Chain Management. This study aims to determine the effect of supply chain management on competitive advantage and company performance. This study will examine supply chain management on competitive advantage and company performance in Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) in Bandung City, West Java. In this study, there are several differences from previous research, namely the indicators that will be used in this study. Namely, the measured supply chain management variables are indicators of technology use, supply chain speed, customer satisfaction, supply chain integration and inventory management. The variables of competitive advantage that are measured are the indicators of Price, Quality, and Time to market, and sales growth. Meanwhile, the measured company performance variables are indicators of financial performance and operational performance. The analytical method used in testing the hypothesis is to use Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) with the help of AMOS software version 20. Respondents in this study were 150 respondents in Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) in Bandung, West Java. The results of this study indicate that supply chain management has a positive and significant effect on the company's competitive advantage. Competitive advantage has a positive and significant effect on company performance. Supply chain management has a positive and significant effect on company performance. Supply chain management has a positive and significant effect on company performance through competitive advantage.

The food sector is a sector with great potential to be developed, especially in the Bekasi Regency area in Indonesia. Tight business competition and limited resources have forced entrepreneurs to reconsider production processes, one of which is by implementing Supply Chain Management (SCM). With MSC analysis, it is expected that business processes can be more responsive, so that they can respond quickly, effectively, and efficiently to all forms of changes in the market and further increase business competitiveness. The study involved 87 SME entrepreneurs in the food sector who were randomly obtained from several developing SME communities in Bekasi Regency, West Java and 5 experts related to the food industry. Research variables include; Supply Chain Management (SCM), Business Performance and Business Competitiveness. The results showed that in creating a business competitiveness, entrepreneurs need to improve the SCM system. SCM can affect Business Competitiveness directly, as well as through the Business Performance variable.

The aim of this study is to identify the effect of the analytical customer relationship management (CRM) on strategic CRM, operational CRM and customer satisfaction. Data collected from a sample consisted of 150 managers of managers in commercial banks using a questionnaire. The results accepted the hypotheses that analytical CRM is positively related to both strategic CRM and operational CRM, which in turn show significant effects on customer satisfaction. Analytical CRM had no significant direct effect on customer satisfaction, but through strategic CRM and operational CRM. Such results indicated that strategic CRM and operational CRM had a full mediation role between the analytical CRM and customer satisfaction. It was concluded based on these results that CRM components, i.e., analytical, strategic and operational CRM are all critical in ensuring customer satisfaction. Therefore, banks should consider all these components in designing their CRM programs.