How to cite this paper
Suhud, U., Allan, M., Juliana, J & Rahmi, R. (2024). The drivers of addiction to online shopping, social media, and tourism: A study of cyborg consumers.International Journal of Data and Network Science, 8(3), 1405-1414.
Refrences
Andreassen, C. S., Griffiths, M. D., Pallesen, S., Bilder, R. M., Torsheim, T., & Aboujaoude, E. (2015). The Bergen Shopping Addiction Scale: Reliability and validity of a brief screening test. Frontiers in Psychology, 6, 1374.
Angulo, P. G., Mendoza, J. S., Contreras, E. C., Martínez, J. U. C., Hernández, C. B. E., & Hernández, M. E. C. (2021). The meaning of life as a mediator between self-esteem and Internet addiction in adolescents. Enfermería Global, 20(4), 519–531.
Awad, E., Hallit, S., & Obeid, S. (2022). Does self-esteem mediate the association between perfectionism and mindfulness among Lebanese university students? BMC Psychology, 10(1), 256.
Barnett, M. D., & Powell, H. A. (2016). Self-esteem mediates narcissism and aggression among women, but not men: A comparison of two theoretical models of narcissism among college students. Personality and Individual Differences, 89, 100–104.
Brailovskaia, J., Bierhoff, H.-W., Rohmann, E., Raeder, F., & Margraf, J. (2020). The relationship between narcissism, intensity of Facebook use, Facebook flow and Facebook addiction. Addictive Behaviors Reports, 11, 100265.
Chen, C., Shen, Y., Lv, S., Wang, B., & Zhu, Y. (2023). The relationship between self-esteem and mobile phone addiction among college students: The chain mediating effects of social avoidance and peer relationships. Frontiers in Psychology, 14, 1137220.
Ditton, R. B., Loomis, D. K., & Choi, S. (1992). Recreation specialization: Re-conceptualization from a social worlds perspective. Journal of Leisure Research, 24(1), 33–51.
Dobson, C., Goudy, W. J., Keith, P. M., & Powers, E. (1979). Further analysis of Rosenberg’s Self-esteem Scale. Psychological Reports, 44(2), 639–641.
Duong, X.-L., & Liaw, S.-Y. (2022a). Determinants of online shopping addiction among Vietnamese university students. Journal of Human Behavior in the Social Environment, 32(3), 402–414.
Duong, X.-L., & Liaw, S.-Y. (2022b). Psychometric evaluation of Online Shopping Addiction Scale (OSAS). Journal of Human Behavior in the Social Environment, 32(5), 618–628.
Emmons, R. A. (1984). Factor analysis and construct validity of the narcissistic personality inventory\. Journal of Personality Assessment, 48(3), 291–300.
Fan, L., Li, K., Xin, J., Wang, Y., & Li, Y. (2023). Family Subjective Socioeconomic Status and University Students’ Online Shopping Addiction: A Gender-Based Analysis. Cyberpsychology, Behavior, and Social Networking, 26(2), 114–120.
Gao, Q., Fu, E., Xiang, Y., Jia, G., & Wu, S. (2021). Self-esteem and addictive smartphone use: The mediator role of anxiety and the moderator role of self-control. Children and Youth Services Review, 124, 105990.
Hawi, N. S., & Samaha, M. (2017). The relations among social media addiction, self-esteem, and life satisfaction in university students. Social Science Computer Review, 35(5), 576–586.
Hu, Li-tze, & Bentler, P. M. (1995). Structural equation modeling: Concepts, issues, and applications. In R. H. Hoyle (Ed.), Evaluating model fit (pp. 76–99). Sage.
Hu, Li‐tze, & Bentler, P. M. (1999). Cutoff criteria for fit indexes in covariance structure analysis: Conventional criteria versus new alternatives. Structural Equation Modeling: A Multidisciplinary Journal, 6(1), 1–55. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1080/10705519909540118
Iranmanesh, M., Foroughi, B., Nikbin, D., & Hyun, S. S. (2021). Shyness, self-esteem, and loneliness as causes of FA: The moderating effect of low self-control. Current Psychology, 40(11), 5358–5369.
Jones, R., Reppa, I., & Reed, P. (2022). Self-esteem and social media dependency: A structural equation modelling approach to comparing primary Welsh and Non-Welsh speakers. Trends in Psychology, 1–24.
Khan, N. A., Khan, A. N., & Moin, M. F. (2021). Self-regulation and social media addiction: A multi-wave data analysis in China. Technology in Society, 64, 101527.
Koçak, O., İlme, E., & Younis, M. Z. (2021). Mediating role of satisfaction with life in the effect of self-esteem and education on social media addiction in Turkey. Sustainability, 13(16), 9097.
Kumpasoğlu, G. B., Eltan, S., Merdan-Yıldız, E. D., & Batıgün, A. D. (2021). Mediating role of life satisfaction and death anxiety in the relationship between dark triad and social media addiction. Personality and Individual Differences, 172, 110606.
Kun, B., Urbán, R., Bőthe, B., Griffiths, M. D., Demetrovics, Z., & Kökönyei, G. (2020). Maladaptive rumination mediates the relationship between self-esteem, perfectionism, and work addiction: A largescale survey study. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 17(19), 7332.
Leblebicioğlu, B., & Türkyilmaz, C. A. (2022). Understanding the moderator role of covid-19 pandemic anxiety on the relationship between internet addiction and online shopping addiction. Marmara Üniversitesi İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Dergisi, 44(1), 104–118.
Lee, C. J., Noh, E. J., & Choi, J. W. (2016). The addiction phenomenon and travel: An exploratory study. Indian Journal of Science and Technology, 9(26), 1–13.
Li, H., Ma, X., Fang, J., Liang, G., Lin, R., Liao, W., & Yang, X. (2022). Student Stress and Online Shopping Addiction Tendency among College Students in Guangdong Province, China: The Mediating Effect of the Social Support. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 20(1), 176.
Liu, L.-C., Kao, Y.-H., Yuan, C. W., Bi, N., Chung, A.-N., Huang, M.-C., & You, C.-W. (2022). Exploring Challenges and Opportunities in Developing Systems to Improve Shopping Addiction through Social Sensing Technology. Companion Publication of the 2022 Conference on Computer Supported Cooperative Work and Social Computing, 50–53.
Mohanan, M., & Shekhar, S. K. (2021). A study on the mediating effect of FoMO on social media (Instagram) induced travel addiction and risk taking travel behavioral intention in youth. Journal of Content, Community and Communication, 14(7), 57–67.
Mrad, M., & Cui, C. C. (2020). Comorbidity of compulsive buying and brand addiction: An examination of two types of addictive consumption. Journal of Business Research, 113, 399–408.
Ogden, J., Veale, D., & Summers, Z. (1997). The development and validation of the Exercise Dependence Questionnaire. Addiction Research, 5(4), 343–355.
Raskin, R., Novacek, J., & Hogan, R. (1991). Narcissistic self-esteem management. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 60(6), 911.
Rohmann, E., Brailovskaia, J., & Bierhoff, H.-W. (2021). The framework of self-esteem: Narcissistic subtypes, positive/negative agency, and self-evaluation. Current Psychology, 40, 4843–4850.
Rose, S., & Dhandayudham, A. (2014). Towards an understanding of Internet-based problem shopping behaviour: The concept of online shopping addiction and its proposed predictors. Journal of Behavioral Addictions, 3(2), 83–89.
Rosenberg, M. (2015). Society and the adolescent self-image. In Society and the adolescent self-image. Princeton university press.
Sathya, J., Babu, M., Gayathri, J., Indhumathi, G., Samad, Z. A., & Anandhi, E. (2023). Compulsive Buying Behavior and Online Shopping Addiction of Women. Information Sciences Letters, 12(5), 1641–1650.
Schermelleh-Engel, K., Moosbrugger, H., & Müller, H. (2003). Evaluating the fit of structural equation models: Tests of significance and descriptive goodness-of-fit measures. Methods of Psychological Research Online, 8(2), 23–74.
Suhud, U., Allan, M., Prihandono, D., & Monoarfa, T. (2023). We are cyborgs: The role of narcissism and self-esteem to become social media and tourism addicts. International Journal of Data and Network Science, 7(1), 73–82.
Suresh, A. S., & Biswas, A. (2020). A study of factors of internet addiction and its impact on online compulsive buying behaviour: Indian millennial perspective. Global Business Review, 21(6), 1448–1465.
Tabachnick, B. G., Fidell, L. S., & Ullman, J. B. (2007). Using multivariate statistics (Vol. 5). Pearson Boston, MA.
Tahoon, R. (2020). Mediating effects of dark personality triad and real and mediated social interaction on social media addiction and academic performance in university students. Clin Exp Psychol, 6(4).
Tutgun-Ünal, A., & Deniz, L. (2015). Development of the social media addiction scale. AJIT-e: Bilişim Teknolojileri Online Dergisi, 6(21), 51–70.
Wang, Q., Kou, Z., Du, Y., Wang, K., & Xu, Y. (2022). Academic Procrastination and negative emotions among adolescents during the COVID-19 pandemic: the Mediating and buffering effects of online-shopping addiction. Frontiers in Psychology, 12, 789505.
Zarate, D., Fullwood, L., Prokofieva, M., Griffiths, M. D., & Stavropoulos, V. (2022). Problematic shopping behavior: An item response theory examination of the seven-item bergen shopping addiction scale. International Journal of Mental Health and Addiction, 1–19.
Zeidan, J., Hallit, S., Akel, M., Louragli, I., & Obeid, S. (2021). Problematic smartphone use and affective temperaments among Lebanese young adults: scale validation and mediating role of self-esteem. BMC Psychology, 9, 1–11.
Zhang, H., Luo, Y., Zhao, Y., Zhang, R., & Wang, Z. (2017). Differential relations of grandiose narcissism and vulnerable narcissism to emotion dysregulation: Self‐esteem matters. Asian Journal of Social Psychology, 20(3–4), 232–237.
Zhang, Y., Mei, S., Li, L., Chai, J., Li, J., & Du, H. (2015). The relationship between impulsivity and internet addiction in Chinese college students: A moderated mediation analysis of meaning in life and self-esteem. PloS One, 10(7), e0131597.
Angulo, P. G., Mendoza, J. S., Contreras, E. C., Martínez, J. U. C., Hernández, C. B. E., & Hernández, M. E. C. (2021). The meaning of life as a mediator between self-esteem and Internet addiction in adolescents. Enfermería Global, 20(4), 519–531.
Awad, E., Hallit, S., & Obeid, S. (2022). Does self-esteem mediate the association between perfectionism and mindfulness among Lebanese university students? BMC Psychology, 10(1), 256.
Barnett, M. D., & Powell, H. A. (2016). Self-esteem mediates narcissism and aggression among women, but not men: A comparison of two theoretical models of narcissism among college students. Personality and Individual Differences, 89, 100–104.
Brailovskaia, J., Bierhoff, H.-W., Rohmann, E., Raeder, F., & Margraf, J. (2020). The relationship between narcissism, intensity of Facebook use, Facebook flow and Facebook addiction. Addictive Behaviors Reports, 11, 100265.
Chen, C., Shen, Y., Lv, S., Wang, B., & Zhu, Y. (2023). The relationship between self-esteem and mobile phone addiction among college students: The chain mediating effects of social avoidance and peer relationships. Frontiers in Psychology, 14, 1137220.
Ditton, R. B., Loomis, D. K., & Choi, S. (1992). Recreation specialization: Re-conceptualization from a social worlds perspective. Journal of Leisure Research, 24(1), 33–51.
Dobson, C., Goudy, W. J., Keith, P. M., & Powers, E. (1979). Further analysis of Rosenberg’s Self-esteem Scale. Psychological Reports, 44(2), 639–641.
Duong, X.-L., & Liaw, S.-Y. (2022a). Determinants of online shopping addiction among Vietnamese university students. Journal of Human Behavior in the Social Environment, 32(3), 402–414.
Duong, X.-L., & Liaw, S.-Y. (2022b). Psychometric evaluation of Online Shopping Addiction Scale (OSAS). Journal of Human Behavior in the Social Environment, 32(5), 618–628.
Emmons, R. A. (1984). Factor analysis and construct validity of the narcissistic personality inventory\. Journal of Personality Assessment, 48(3), 291–300.
Fan, L., Li, K., Xin, J., Wang, Y., & Li, Y. (2023). Family Subjective Socioeconomic Status and University Students’ Online Shopping Addiction: A Gender-Based Analysis. Cyberpsychology, Behavior, and Social Networking, 26(2), 114–120.
Gao, Q., Fu, E., Xiang, Y., Jia, G., & Wu, S. (2021). Self-esteem and addictive smartphone use: The mediator role of anxiety and the moderator role of self-control. Children and Youth Services Review, 124, 105990.
Hawi, N. S., & Samaha, M. (2017). The relations among social media addiction, self-esteem, and life satisfaction in university students. Social Science Computer Review, 35(5), 576–586.
Hu, Li-tze, & Bentler, P. M. (1995). Structural equation modeling: Concepts, issues, and applications. In R. H. Hoyle (Ed.), Evaluating model fit (pp. 76–99). Sage.
Hu, Li‐tze, & Bentler, P. M. (1999). Cutoff criteria for fit indexes in covariance structure analysis: Conventional criteria versus new alternatives. Structural Equation Modeling: A Multidisciplinary Journal, 6(1), 1–55. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1080/10705519909540118
Iranmanesh, M., Foroughi, B., Nikbin, D., & Hyun, S. S. (2021). Shyness, self-esteem, and loneliness as causes of FA: The moderating effect of low self-control. Current Psychology, 40(11), 5358–5369.
Jones, R., Reppa, I., & Reed, P. (2022). Self-esteem and social media dependency: A structural equation modelling approach to comparing primary Welsh and Non-Welsh speakers. Trends in Psychology, 1–24.
Khan, N. A., Khan, A. N., & Moin, M. F. (2021). Self-regulation and social media addiction: A multi-wave data analysis in China. Technology in Society, 64, 101527.
Koçak, O., İlme, E., & Younis, M. Z. (2021). Mediating role of satisfaction with life in the effect of self-esteem and education on social media addiction in Turkey. Sustainability, 13(16), 9097.
Kumpasoğlu, G. B., Eltan, S., Merdan-Yıldız, E. D., & Batıgün, A. D. (2021). Mediating role of life satisfaction and death anxiety in the relationship between dark triad and social media addiction. Personality and Individual Differences, 172, 110606.
Kun, B., Urbán, R., Bőthe, B., Griffiths, M. D., Demetrovics, Z., & Kökönyei, G. (2020). Maladaptive rumination mediates the relationship between self-esteem, perfectionism, and work addiction: A largescale survey study. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 17(19), 7332.
Leblebicioğlu, B., & Türkyilmaz, C. A. (2022). Understanding the moderator role of covid-19 pandemic anxiety on the relationship between internet addiction and online shopping addiction. Marmara Üniversitesi İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Dergisi, 44(1), 104–118.
Lee, C. J., Noh, E. J., & Choi, J. W. (2016). The addiction phenomenon and travel: An exploratory study. Indian Journal of Science and Technology, 9(26), 1–13.
Li, H., Ma, X., Fang, J., Liang, G., Lin, R., Liao, W., & Yang, X. (2022). Student Stress and Online Shopping Addiction Tendency among College Students in Guangdong Province, China: The Mediating Effect of the Social Support. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 20(1), 176.
Liu, L.-C., Kao, Y.-H., Yuan, C. W., Bi, N., Chung, A.-N., Huang, M.-C., & You, C.-W. (2022). Exploring Challenges and Opportunities in Developing Systems to Improve Shopping Addiction through Social Sensing Technology. Companion Publication of the 2022 Conference on Computer Supported Cooperative Work and Social Computing, 50–53.
Mohanan, M., & Shekhar, S. K. (2021). A study on the mediating effect of FoMO on social media (Instagram) induced travel addiction and risk taking travel behavioral intention in youth. Journal of Content, Community and Communication, 14(7), 57–67.
Mrad, M., & Cui, C. C. (2020). Comorbidity of compulsive buying and brand addiction: An examination of two types of addictive consumption. Journal of Business Research, 113, 399–408.
Ogden, J., Veale, D., & Summers, Z. (1997). The development and validation of the Exercise Dependence Questionnaire. Addiction Research, 5(4), 343–355.
Raskin, R., Novacek, J., & Hogan, R. (1991). Narcissistic self-esteem management. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 60(6), 911.
Rohmann, E., Brailovskaia, J., & Bierhoff, H.-W. (2021). The framework of self-esteem: Narcissistic subtypes, positive/negative agency, and self-evaluation. Current Psychology, 40, 4843–4850.
Rose, S., & Dhandayudham, A. (2014). Towards an understanding of Internet-based problem shopping behaviour: The concept of online shopping addiction and its proposed predictors. Journal of Behavioral Addictions, 3(2), 83–89.
Rosenberg, M. (2015). Society and the adolescent self-image. In Society and the adolescent self-image. Princeton university press.
Sathya, J., Babu, M., Gayathri, J., Indhumathi, G., Samad, Z. A., & Anandhi, E. (2023). Compulsive Buying Behavior and Online Shopping Addiction of Women. Information Sciences Letters, 12(5), 1641–1650.
Schermelleh-Engel, K., Moosbrugger, H., & Müller, H. (2003). Evaluating the fit of structural equation models: Tests of significance and descriptive goodness-of-fit measures. Methods of Psychological Research Online, 8(2), 23–74.
Suhud, U., Allan, M., Prihandono, D., & Monoarfa, T. (2023). We are cyborgs: The role of narcissism and self-esteem to become social media and tourism addicts. International Journal of Data and Network Science, 7(1), 73–82.
Suresh, A. S., & Biswas, A. (2020). A study of factors of internet addiction and its impact on online compulsive buying behaviour: Indian millennial perspective. Global Business Review, 21(6), 1448–1465.
Tabachnick, B. G., Fidell, L. S., & Ullman, J. B. (2007). Using multivariate statistics (Vol. 5). Pearson Boston, MA.
Tahoon, R. (2020). Mediating effects of dark personality triad and real and mediated social interaction on social media addiction and academic performance in university students. Clin Exp Psychol, 6(4).
Tutgun-Ünal, A., & Deniz, L. (2015). Development of the social media addiction scale. AJIT-e: Bilişim Teknolojileri Online Dergisi, 6(21), 51–70.
Wang, Q., Kou, Z., Du, Y., Wang, K., & Xu, Y. (2022). Academic Procrastination and negative emotions among adolescents during the COVID-19 pandemic: the Mediating and buffering effects of online-shopping addiction. Frontiers in Psychology, 12, 789505.
Zarate, D., Fullwood, L., Prokofieva, M., Griffiths, M. D., & Stavropoulos, V. (2022). Problematic shopping behavior: An item response theory examination of the seven-item bergen shopping addiction scale. International Journal of Mental Health and Addiction, 1–19.
Zeidan, J., Hallit, S., Akel, M., Louragli, I., & Obeid, S. (2021). Problematic smartphone use and affective temperaments among Lebanese young adults: scale validation and mediating role of self-esteem. BMC Psychology, 9, 1–11.
Zhang, H., Luo, Y., Zhao, Y., Zhang, R., & Wang, Z. (2017). Differential relations of grandiose narcissism and vulnerable narcissism to emotion dysregulation: Self‐esteem matters. Asian Journal of Social Psychology, 20(3–4), 232–237.
Zhang, Y., Mei, S., Li, L., Chai, J., Li, J., & Du, H. (2015). The relationship between impulsivity and internet addiction in Chinese college students: A moderated mediation analysis of meaning in life and self-esteem. PloS One, 10(7), e0131597.