The SMEs is currently experiencing many challenges, especially performance improvements. To improve performance, companies are required to increase the effective organizational learning so that it is emphasized on improving human resource development in addition to being able to overcome market uncertainty. This study examined empirically the variables of human resource development and market uncertainty by using the moderating variable of effective organizational learning to increase corporate performance. Using data from 100 SMEs in two regencies in Central Java, and carrying out using AMOS 22, the results prove that effective organizational learning moderates human resource development and market uncertainty in their activities. These results prove that human resource development is needed to improve the effective organizational learning. This study provides the best insight into human resource development, especially in the SMEs. Some of the observed causes have been discussed in this study.

This research explores the impact of social capital on the adoption of digital applications within Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs). In the current competitive environment, embracing digitalization is essential for improving the competitiveness of MSMEs; however, challenges such as weak social networks can impede technology uptake. Utilizing a quantitative approach, the study distributed questionnaires to 160 MSME participants, with data analysed through path analysis using SmartPLS. The findings indicate that social capital—which includes relationships, networks, and trust among business stakeholders—plays a critical role in facilitating access to and adoption of digital applications. Results suggest that MSMEs with strong social networks are more adept at integrating digital technologies, fostering innovation, and improving overall business performance. The study recommends initiatives to enhance collaboration and strengthen social networks among MSMEs to support their digitalization efforts. Ultimately, this research deepens the understanding of social capital's influence on MSME digitalization and offers practical strategies for stakeholders to increase the utilization of digital applications in this sector.

The purpose of this study was to determine the role of the ideal aspects of ownership structure and capital structure in determining the uncertainty model of operational of Walmart. This type of research is an explanatory survey using qualitative and quantitative approaches. The qualitative method is carried out by descriptive analysis by conducting a field survey using a questionnaire designed in such a way. Respondents of this study were the 78 managers of the community minimart in Medan City, North Sumatera, Indonesia who were selected by purposive sampling method. Meanwhile, the quantitative method was carried out using SEM PLS analysis by analyzing the indicators of aspects of ownership structure, capital structure and dimensions of operational success. The results show that the capital structure variable had a significant effect on Walmart's operational success. Meanwhile, the ownership structure variable had no significant effect on Walmart's operational success. The novelty that is produced from this research is that the success of community self-service is determined by the capital structure. Capital is an obstacle faced by community supermarkets because with limited capital it is difficult for community supermarkets to expand their business.

This study aims to analyze the opportunities for implementing Non-Cash Transactions (Non-Cash Applied Transactions) at Village-Owned Enterprises as the application of Enterprise Resources Planning (ERP) Theory in North Sumatra. This type of research is quantitative descriptive research. The test was carried out by using Structural Equation Modeling analysis with the Formative approach. The tool used is SmartPLS. The study population was village-owned enterprises in Simalungun, Batubara and Asahan districts, North Sumatera, Indonesia. The sampling technique was carried out by using purposive sampling method. In addition, an assessment of community perceptions of implementation was also carried out. The research variables used are supervision, provider support, banking support (support of banking facilities), human aspect, regulation, resistance, commitment and training. The training variable at Village Business Entities has a significant partial effect on the Successful Application of Non-Cash Transactions of Village Business Entities in North Sumatra. This shows that the more frequent training and assistance are held at village business entities, the easier it will be to implement non-cash transactions at village enterprises. Meanwhile, the variables of Supervision, Provider Support, Banking Support, Human Resources, Regulation, Resistance and Commitment did not have a significant effect on the success of village non-cash transactions in North Sumatra.

Simultaneous products distribution and items retrieval in an integrated forward/reverse logistics network faces a complex freight-scheduling problem due to the constraints involved. In the high to intermediate network level, the problem usually exists in the form of single stop transportation. To reach a higher level of performances, there is a need to model and optimize the freight schedule. This research proposes a model to optimize a freight-scheduling problem. The proposed model of this paper based on Non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm-II is formulated to solve a conflicting bi-objective optimization and optimizes a real-world case study. A solution from the model demonstrates the solution interpretation in the form of delivery schedule, distribution as well as retrieval route, and vehicle assignment. Moreover, the solutions are also comparable to some current manual solution by its similarity. The results show that the model was capable of generating feasible solutions while satisfying all of its constraints.

Employees have collective skills, abilities and experience that contribute to the interests of the company where they work, and can contribute to the success of supply chain and is a resource that is an asset in achieving supply chain excellence. To examine this relationship, this study investigates the role of human resources management (HRM) on the supply chain management of fertilizer companies in Indonesia, which is focused on the distribution and logistics of fertilizer from producer to their network and consumers. This study took samples from two fertilizer companies in East Java, structural equation modeling (SEM) analysis was carried out with the Smart PLS. 18 (Partial Least Square) program, and shows the value of t = 348.825 with p = 0.000 (p < 0.000) which means there is a significant effect of implementing enterprise human resources management (HRM) standards on company supply chain excellence and represents indicators of management strategy, cost leadership, focus on productivity, logistics, distributions, operational effectiveness, differentiation, and cooperation with companies or other institutions that support each other. The results of this study have provided an overview of the application of enterprise capable of supporting human resource management. Enterprise standards in both fertilizer companies are applied regularly, starting from checking the completeness of the employee database, including contact information, details of salary, compensation and benefits; attendance, employee performance, career planning, work relations, socialization, and informal communication so that the company would be able to adapt and be more flexible towards every need in the present and in the future.

This study aims to find empirical evidence regarding the factors that affect the quality of information systems and the quality of supply chain management as seen from the environmental uncertainty of the organizational structure and the distribution network competence in manufacturing companies in Medan, Indonesia. The research method used is quantitative and verification that aims to determine the relationship between variables through a hypothesis testing. The data used are primary data using a questionnaire aimed at functional managers of marketing managers and production managers with a Likert scale. The study uses a sampling technique through a census of the entire population as a unit of analysis as many as 206 managers spread across 103 manufacturing companies in the city of Medan. Data analysis was performed through multiple linear regression analysis. The results showed that environmental uncertainty, organizational structure, and distribution network competence partially and simultaneously affected the quality of supply chain management information systems in manufacturing companies.

This study aimed to explain the role of supply chain practices on operational performance, and supply chain practices on company competitiveness and to analyze the impact of company competitiveness on operational performance. In addition, we also investigate the impact of supply chain practices on operational performance through role of company competitiveness as mediation variable. The study was conducted in South Sulawesi Province, Indonesia. Primary data were collected by questionnaire instrument from 108 food and beverage companies. Method of analysis was both descriptive statistical analysis, and Structural Equation Modelling (SEM). The study also used Sobel test to determine significance level of mediation role in the model. The results show that supply chain practices could give a positive impact on operational performance. Supply chain practices also gave a positive impact and significant on company competitiveness. Then, company competitiveness had a positive impact and significant on operational performance. Additionally, supply chain practices also had a positive impact on operational performance indirectly through the role of company competitiveness as mediation variable. Hence, supply chain practice was the most important variable to increase both company competitiveness and operational performance. Each company is recommended to implement this variable as competitive weapon in order to get a better operational performance and competitiveness as well.

This study aims to describe the collaboration of stakeholder roles and analyzes the influence of government, Micro & Small businesses and workers to improve the performance of Occupational Health and Safety (OHS) officers in community health center. The study is a survey with a cross-sectional design to measure the influence of stakeholders' role on the performance of occupational health efforts. The study sample was 80 people, namely all OHS officers from the community health center (CHC) in the city of Medan. The independent variables in this study are the role of government (X1), the role of micro and small business (X2), the role of the workers (X3) and the performance of OHS officers is the dependent variable. Data collection is perfomed using a questionnaire that has been validated with interval scales 1 - 5. Hypothesis testing is based on using structural equation modeling path analysis and analysis is performed using PLS-SEM, Smart PLS 3.0. Direct test results show that the government has not played a significant role in Micro & Small Business and the role of workers. The government only plays a significant role in the performance of OHS officers. Micro & Small businesses significantly influence workers' role, but it has not significantly affected OHS officers' performance. The role of workers significantly influences the performance of OHS officers. Test results indirectly show the critical role of collaboration between stakeholders. Although it has not shown a significant effect, there is an increase in the significant value on the performance of officers. The finding confirms the need for seriousness and the importance of collaboration among stakeholders. The research needs to be expanded by involving all OHS officers up to sub-health centers, and other districts/cities with the same characteristics. The study has only investigated at community health center. Policy recommendations are given for managing an integrated occupational health service program in community health center involving all stakeholders in Medan.

Management research maintains business performance of local products during the pandemic, requiring organizations to act effectively and efficiently in managing resources based on relevant knowledge. Efforts are needed to sustain local product business, maintain the key to organizational success based on knowledge sharing and innovation in improving business performance so that local products remain sustainable. This research was analyzed quantitatively using SEM-AMOS statistical tools, in 300 local product business actors in Central Kalimantan and Bali. The proactive antecedents of market orientation were obtained significantly positive encouraging mediation role of knowledge sharing by 51% and innovation by 63% on business performance. Activities that are managed so that superior products become management activities with significant positive Planning, Organizing, Actuatingand Controlling (POAC) carried out by mediating positive impacts to maintain local product business. The novelty of this research is a conceptual model based on Knowledge Based View (KBV) to increase local product business in two provinces affected by Covid-19. The implication of this research is to encourage business actors to synergize with market orientation into relevant information to identify changes and needs, as well as to encourage knowledge sharing and innovation in improving business performance of local products that are in accordance with consumer needs.