The current development of polyurethane self-healing materials has been evaluated and reviewed. Three main ways of self-healing – microcontainers, microvascular networks and reversible polymers - are described, and recent most prominent examples of self-healing materials applications presented.

The adsorption behavior of a potential polynuclear Schiff base, (s)-2-(anthracen-9(10H)-ylideneamino)-3-phenyl propanoic acid (A9Y3PPA) on carbon steel (CS) in 1M hydrochloric acid solution has been investigated using weight loss measurements, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) and potentiodynamic polarization studies. The surface morphology of the carbon steel specimens in the presence and absence of the inhibitor was evaluated by AFM analysis. The corrosion inhibition efficiencies of parent amine and parent ketone on carbon steel in 1M HCl solution have also been investigated using weight loss studies. The adsorption of A9Y3PPA obeys Langmuir adsorption isotherm. Thermodynamic parameters (Kads, ∆G0ads) were calculated using the adsorption isotherm. Activation parameters of the corrosion process (Ea, ∆H* and ∆S*) were also calculated from the corrosion rates obtained from temperature studies. Tafel plot analysis revealed that A9Y3PPA acts as a mixed type inhibitor. A probable inhibition mechanism was also proposed.

Enzymatic assay, based on oxidation-reduction reaction catalyzed by alcohol dehydrogenase, is one of the methods used to determine ethanol concentration. The present study was directed to determine the exact amount of enzyme required to accomplish oxidation-reduction reaction so that the concentration of ethanol in the sample can be determined precisely and accurately. Results of the present study indicate that the lowest unit activity of the enzyme that can be used for ethanol determination is 4000 units/mL, even though longer incubation time compared to the original method was used to ensure reaction completion. Validation of the method confirmed that the assay have acceptable linearity range within 0.01 - 0.06% (v/v) of ethanol with correlation coefficient of 0.9999. Both accuracy and precision parameters fulfill the Association of Analytical Communities (AOAC) International requirement, and therefore can be accepted as a quantitative analysis method. Limit of detection and limit of quantitation for the modified method were 0.0017% (v/v) and 0.0056% (v/v), respectively.

The electron transport of Phthalocyanines (Pc) with central metal and di-axial ligands (such as FeIII(Pc)L2; where L = CN, Cl, Br) originates from its intermolecular Pc π-π orbital overlap while its giant negative magnetoresistance (GNMR) arises from its intramolecular Pc-π(HOMO) and Fe-d (s=1/2) interaction. However, the π-d interaction tends to localize itinerant electrons resulting in the decrease in the conductivity of the FeIII(Pc)L2 series compared to the non-magnetic CoIII(Pc)L2 where π-d interaction is absent. More so, the axial ligand field energy of the FeIII(Pc)L2 system is found to have the ability to proportionally modulate the π-d interaction. In reference thereof, theoretical calculations point that isostructural RuIII(Pc)Br2 would provide the best balance of π-d orbital energy interplay. That is, RuIII(Pc)Br2 is expected to be a molecule with high electrical conductivity and GNMR which would make it an ideal magnetic molecular conductor. This paper reports on the synthesis of RuIII(Pc)Br2.

In the present work, Zn(II), Co(II) and Cr(II) metal complexes (3-5) of N-hydroxy-4-[(hydroxyimino)methyl]benzamidine ligand (2) were synthesized and their anti-HIV activity by inhibiting reverse transcriptase was explored. Structural characterization using NMR, FTIR, Mass, UV-Vis spectra, TGA, magnetic moment and elemental analyses were performed. The analyses show that geometry, lipophilicity and steric factor play crucial role. Cell viability test is performed on peripheral blood mononuclear cells to check toxicity of prepared compounds on immune system, shows toxicity only at higher concentration. Antimicrobial activity and DNA cleavage analysis have also been studied and reported.

The title compound - (Z)-1-bromo-1-nitro-2-phenylethene - was prepared by a three-step reaction. Its structure was con?rmed by spectral analysis as well as X-ray crystallography. It was found, that the compound crystallized in the orthorhombic system, space group Pbca, a=11.5296(6)Å, b=7.5013(5)Å, c=19.7187(12)Å, Å=B=Å=90°, Z=8.

Oxidation of alcohols to carbonyl compounds has become an important issue in the process industry as well as many other applications. In this method, various benzylic alcohols were successfully converted to corresponding aldehydes and ketones under transition metal-free condition using hydrogen peroxide in the presence of some amount of catalytic acidic silica gel. Silica gel is inexpensive and available. One of the most important features of this method is its short reaction time.

Analysis of addent interactions with respect to the theory of electrophilicity and nucleophilicity indexes and kinetic studies shows the polar nature of [2+3] cycloaddition of (Z)-C-(m,m,p-trimethoxyphenyl)-N-(p-methylphenyl)-nitrone to (E)-3,3,3-trichloro-1-nitroprop-1-ene. However, PES exploration results do not confirm any zwitterion on the reaction paths. On the other hand, the nature of the solvent effect and the experimentally determined activation parameter values do not exclude a scenario in which one-step and stepwise processes occur simultaneously.

Studies linking high trans-fat diets to coronary heart disease (CHD) have prompted the need to regulate, limit, or completely ban trans-fat from all commercial food products, including fast foods. Many U.S. fast food chains now claim that their food items, particularly French fries, have "no trans-fat". In a previous study, our lab tested the validity of trans-fat claims made by several popular fast food restaurants by experimentally determining the %trans-fat in oil extracted from fast food French fries. In some cases, the trans-fat content was nearly twice as high as the amount reported by the restaurant in their literature. Long John Silver & apos; s, for example, reported a trans-fat content of 25% for their French fries, while our lab actually found over 40% trans-fat. The purpose of this study is to broaden our study of Long John Silver & apos; s trans-fat claims by analyzing a variety of their food items and comparing our findings with the %trans-fat reported by the restaurant literature (nutrition fact tables). Variable Filter Array (VFA) IR spectroscopy was used to assess the trans-fat content of oil extracted from food samples. Our preliminary findings suggest that nearly every food item under study contained considerably more trans-fat than the amount reported in the restaurant’s literature.

In this paper, a rapid and simple approach was developed for the preparation of zinc pentacyanonitrosylferrate nanotubes (ZnPCNF NTs) within the cylindrical pores of anodic aluminum oxide (AAO) template by electrochemical method. The AAO was fabricated in two steps anodizing from aluminum foil. The first anodization of aluminum foil was performed in 0.2 mol L-1 H2C2O4 followed by removal of the formed porous oxide film by a solution of 6 wt% of phosphoric acid. The second anodization step was then performed using the same conditions as the previous step. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) method were employed to characterize the resulting highly oriented uniform hollow tube array which its diameter was in the range of 25-75 nm depending on the applied voltage and the length of nanotubes was equal to the thickness of AAO which was about 2 ?m. The growth properties of the ZnPCNF NTs array film can be achieved by controlling the structure of the template and applied potential across the cell.