This study aimed to investigate the extent of applying just-in-time production system on maximizing profitability of small and medium industrial companies in Jordan, where maximizing profitability of companies represented in both (reducing product costs and reducing ending inventory obsolescence) for those companies. In order to achieve the objectives of the study, a questionnaire was designed as a tool for study and was distributed to the study sample represented by administrative managers and financial managers in small and medium industrial companies. The study community consisted of (235) companies of small and medium industrial companies. The Robert Mason equation was used to determine the sample size which consisted of 146 companies, where this study distributed 292questionnaires, and 217 of them were received, while 33 questionnaires were excluded, and the final sample was 184 questionnaires. The results of the study showed that there is a statistically significant impact of applying just-in-time production system on maximizing profitability of small and medium industrial companies in Jordan, and there is a statistically significant impact of applying just-in-time production system on (reducing product costs and reducing ending inventory obsolescence) in small and medium industrial companies. The Study recommended a number of recommendations, the most important of which is: It is necessary to review the successful experiences of international companies that adopt applying just-in-time production system, and to benefit from them by small and medium industrial companies in Jordan in applying just-in-time production system as an advanced tool for cost management and thus maximizing their profitability.

The present research mainly focuses on the review of existing literature on the topic of critical success factors (CSF) in supply chain structures. The main aim of this study is to identify the major critical success factors (CSF) that have been identified previously by academics and researchers during their research on the topics related to the discipline of supply chain management. The literature survey technique has been applied for the present research. This research is based on a critical review of seventy-three published studies on supply chain structures obtained from most important research databases by using the keywords related to supply chain structures such as barriers in the supply chain, critical success factors in supply chain structures. This study will not only contribute towards the existing literature on supply chain structures but will also help researchers to acknowledge the importance of critical success factors in supply chain structures. One of the major aspects of research regarding the supply chain is to reduce cost and that can only be done via effectiveness and efficiency in the processes, which depend on different variables at every level. The researchers have identified many critical success (CSF) factors in designing effective and efficient supply chain structures are a mutual partnership, executing communication and information expertise, support from senior management, human resource management, environmental uncertainty, value-addition process, business management, generating business culture, developing relationships between customer and supplier, logistics. The present research will also highlight the importance of different factors in achieving the effective and efficient in supply chain structures which enable organizations to not only reduce cost but also help them to achieve higher levels of customer satisfaction. This study will also be beneficial for managers as it will enable them to identify the critical success factors for their supply chain structures, keeping in view the nature and business environment of their organization.

The tourism sector is considered as one of the most important economic sectors and has great importance in increasing the gross domestic product of any country in the world. Jordan is one of the countries attracting tourism from all over the world because of its natural tourist attractions and in-dustrial parks, as well as the availability of security and safety elements compared with neighboring countries. As the tourism sector is influenced by several factors affecting the tourism sector, this study aimed to investigate the role of the cultural dimensions and their relationships with the Jorda-nian society characterized by customs and traditions, values, norms and religious beliefs in promoting the tourism sector in Jordan. The study concluded that there was a statistically significant relationship between the cultural dimensions and the tourism promotion, so that the tourism promotion in Jordan was directly influenced by the change in cultural dimensions. The study concluded that the governments should increase the interest of the tourism sector and the need to pay special attention on educating the Jordanian society about the importance of this sector for the benefit of the country, which would positively affect their level of income, alleviate unemployment, and raise the standards of their lives.

The purpose of this study is to assess the influence of total quality management (TQM) dimensions on the product and process innovation perspectives of Jordanian manufacturing organizations. In this quantitative study; a questionnaire was sent to 249 randomly selected ISO 9001:2000 certified firms in different manufacturing industries in Jordan and we obtained 123 usable questionnaires. After confirming the validity and reliability of the latent variables with confirmatory and exploratory factor analyses, we examined the model and hypotheses. This search outcome confirmed the significant and positive relationship between TQM dimensions overall and product and process innovation perspectives. However, the supplier’s management failed to show a significant relationship with product and process innovation perspectives. Meaningful implications are made that building extensive and effective TQM dimensions and product and process innovation in manufacturing organizations is crucial to face with high competition and innovation in Jordan manufacturing organizations sector.

In the dynamic field of cybersecurity within intelligent vehicle systems, the sophistication of threats necessitates continual advancements in security technologies. Traditional Network Intrusion Detection Systems (NIDS) often fall short in detecting emerging and sophisticated intrusion methods, primarily due to their reliance on static datasets that fail to capture the nuanced dynamics and complexity of modern network intrusions. This study presents a sophisticated simulation for NIDS tailored to intelligent vehicle environments, utilizing the extensive capabilities of Scapy—a robust network manipulation tool—to generate a highly accurate dataset of network traffic reflective of real-world scenarios. We created a diverse dataset involving 100,000 network flows, covering a wide array of benign, malicious, and anomalous traffic patterns, to thoroughly evaluate the detection capabilities of our proposed system. This dataset was analyzed using a deep learning framework employing a Convolutional Neural Network (CNN), which demonstrated outstanding performance metrics: an accuracy of 99.08%, precision of 98.96%, recall of 99.11%, and an F1 score of 99.03%. These metrics showcase the system's enhanced capability to precisely classify various network flows, emphasizing the importance of realistic synthetic data in boosting the training and accuracy of NIDS in intelligent vehicles. The results of this research are significant, marking a step forward towards more flexible and preemptive security measures for intelligent vehicles, and effectively narrowing the gap between simulation-based testing and real-world network environments.

The goodness of machine-part groups in cellular manufacturing systems is evaluated by different measures available in the literature. The commonly known grouping efficiency measures will be discussed in this paper. None of these measures has the ability to evaluate the efficiency of block -diagonal system and sub-system at the same time. Moreover, sparsity of individual cells was not taken into consideration in these measures. In this paper, a new grouping measure called Comprehensive Grouping Efficacy (CGE) is proposed to overcome the drawbacks of these measures. CGE is tested against some problems from the literature and the results demonstrate the ability of this measure to be used as comprehensive grouping measure since four of the well-known measures are included in the CGE formula. The superiority of CGE is that it can be used to find the efficiency of block-diagonal form, the efficiency of sub-system, sparsity index and efficacy index at the same time, which will give the designer the opportunity to control the cell size. Without knowing the efficiency of sub-systems (individual cells), the system designer will not be able to control the cell size.

Green management is fundamentally referred to the environmental practices and the implementation of the appropriate eco-friendly activities, which improve the level of people’s awareness about the environmental protection. Such green management practices have been investigated namely, redesigning of operation and production processes, innovation and R&D functions, use of technology to save energy and reduce waste, environmental awareness of stakeholders through seminars and training, investment in equipment and technology, and improvement in products or services towards improving firm efficiency in Oil and Gas industry in Jordan. The design of this study has a quantitative approach. Three hypotheses have been developed through literature review and tested using descriptive statistical analysis performed by SPSS. The number of population was 250 employees from different departments that include HR, environment, operation, maintenance, and marketing, a total of 208 completed questionnaires were analyzed as a final sample. The results show a moderate implementation of Green management practices, redesigning of operation and production processes indicated the strongest influence, while innovation and R&D functions indicated the weakest influence. Statistical positive association also was indicated between green management practices and firm efficiency. This study contributes to support the literature of Green management and environment protection that is little in developing countries like Jordan. And it urges firm management to develop effective green innovation culture to improve the implementation level of Green management which may in turn create a high level of environmental efficiency outcome in the medium and long run. Also, it’s very significant for firm management to invest more money in green innovation and R&D functions in order to improve the level of efficiency/ performance.

The purpose of this study is to explore the relationship between green human resource management (HRM) practices, including Green recruitment and selection, Green training and development, and Green rewards, and environmental performance in Jordanian health service organization. The research hypotheses are tested by means of a questionnaire survey carried out among health service organizations in Jordan between April and May 2018. Our design choice to focus on a single sector was because of our intention to diminish the confounding effects of non- controllable factors in our research study, such as legislative, culture, and economical contexts. The results show a moderate implementation of Green HRM in Jordanian hospitals, the strongest correlation was with recruitment and selection while the weakest correlation was with training and development. Statistical positive association also was indicated between the three HRM practices and environmental performance.

Web based and/or existing e-commerce have changed the traditional view of CRM to the eCRM. Recent studies on eCRM has investigated success factors of e-CRM in different contexts and fields. This paper aims to investigate the effect of customer satisfaction, customer trust and commitment, customer profitability on eCRM in Saudi Arab. This study was designed quantitative cross-sectional questionnaire survey. This quantitative study used questionnaire survey design and 319 respondents were taken into account for analysis procedure. Structural Equation Modelling was applied and SmartPLS tools was used to test the hypotheses. Customer satisfaction, customer profitability, trust and commitment have shown to have positive significant effects on eCRM. Empirical evidence of this study confirmed that from the customer point of view customers satisfaction, customer profitability, customer trust and commitment were the strong predictors of successful eCRM.

The purpose of this research is to investigate the impact of total JIT practices (JIT purchasing, JIT operations, and JIT selling) on operational performance (quality, delivery, and cost) of local fast-food restaurants in Jordan. The study is quantitative and covers 43 out of 142 local fast-food restaurants in Amman. Data were collected by questionnaires from 101 managers and supervisors. After confirming normality, validity, reliability, and relationships between variables, multiple regressions were conducted to test the hypothesis. Results indicate that there are strong relationships among total JIT sub-variables, very strong relationships among operational performance dimensions, and a very strong relationship between JIT and operational performance. Finally, results show that total JIT practices have a positive significant effect on the operational performance of Jordanian local fast-food restaurants.