Asset Liability Management (ALM) can be overseen using financial ratios derived from financial statements. These statements provide a comprehensive picture of a company's status and necessitate analysis to evaluate performance. This research aims to analyze financial ratios to describe the financial condition, measure business development over time, and evaluate the achievement of the company's objectives. An optimization analysis of financial ratios is performed using the Weighted Goal Programming (WGP) model, which addresses multiple objectives by applying weights based on their priorities. The Best-Worst Method (BWM) was used to determine the priority weights of deviation variables from each financial ratio target. Financial ratios were selected based on their impact on profit using factor analysis. The constructed WGP model aims to minimize deviations in Return on Assets, Operating Ratios, Operating Income Ratio, Total Assets Turnover, and Current Ratio. Computational calculations to solve the WGP model are performed using Python, with pseudocode provided. A case study on a company in the garment and textile sector was conducted and found that the Operating Ratio, Return on Assets, Operating Income Ratio, and Current Ratio still need improvement by developing strategies to achieve the targets. Sensitivity analysis was also employed to assess the resilience of the model in response to alterations in data.

The expansion of tourism locations that are both creative and of high quality is a significant contributor to the expansion of the economy. The stages of tourism development that are influenced by the progression of information technology are represented by the term "smart tourism" in the context of the ecosystem of smart villages. Integrating micro-enterprises with tourist practices is one of the ways that may be utilised to speed up the development of villages. By implementing the concept of smart tourism, tourism integrated with information and communication technology (ICT) can potentially improve both the economics and the services provided by the tourism industry. This research aims to analyse the clustering of smart tourism potential possibilities within the Kemang sub-district. These areas' clustering depends on some variables, including infrastructure (access for tourists), innovation, technology, local wisdom, distinctiveness, and economic conditions. The Fuzzy C-Means (FCM) clustering approach is utilised. A Geographic Information System (GIS) is utilised to facilitate the process of determining which villages are included in each cluster. This is done to describe potential areas better. The value of the cluster evaluation using the Davies Boulding Index (DBI) obtained is 0.3819, and the number of clusters with the best performance is 3. There is a very potential cluster in Cluster 3, comprising two villages (Kemang and Atangsanjaya). A potential cluster was also detected in Cluster 2, comprising three villages (Tegal, Pondokudik, and Parakanjaya). Furthermore, a fairly potential cluster was detected in Cluster 1, consisting of three villages (Jampang, Pabuaran, and Bojong). Specifically, in the Kemang sub-district, it is anticipated that the findings of this study will provide an overview of possible sites for implementing environmentally conscious tourism.

The increasing population in Indonesia results in the rising demand for consumer goods, including salt. Meanwhile, salt production in Indonesia remains traditional, using direct methods by evaporating seawater in open ponds near the coast, producing a final product called “solar salt”. This process depends on sunlight, air, weather, and seasonal climate conditions. This research aims to analyze the technical, technological, and managerial disparities among traditional solar salt farming businesses operated by local communities across regions in Madura Island—the foremost solar salt-producing region in Indonesia. This study employs primary data collected through surveys conducted during the production season in 2023/2024 in three regencies in Madura: Pamekasan, Sampang, and Sumenep. The structured questionnaires captured the input and output data. Meta-frontier Data Envelopment Analysis (meta-DEA) was applied to assess the technical efficiency of conventional solar salt productions across the research regions. The efficiency analysis revealed that, with the current production methods, solar salt farmers achieved an efficiency rate of 46.98%, with an average technical efficiency of 80.83%. This result shows that the decision-making units (DMUs) can enhance their technical efficiency by 19.07%. Meanwhile, the technology gap ratio (TGR) analysis indicates that Sumenep Regency has the highest TGR value, nearing the threshold of 1, suggesting a relatively low technology gap in this regency. The meta-DEA decomposition indicates that the determinant of the average meta-technical inefficiency among solar salt farmers is the technological disparities, with average technological gap inefficiency (TGI) values surpassing managerial gap inefficiency (MGI) values. Conversely, Sumenep Regency has a larger MGI than TGI value, implying that solar salt farmers in Sumenep possess lower managerial decision-making skills than in other regions. The findings suggest the need to enhance the adoption of the latest production technology innovations to address technological gaps in the research locations.

This study investigates the relationships between creativity, digital leadership, decision-making quality, and public service performance in Sidoarjo Regency. The primary objective is to examine how creativity and digital leadership influence decision-making quality and, subsequently, public service performance. A quantitative approach utilizing a cross-sectional study design was employed. Data were collected from 200 employees of public service institutions in Sidoarjo Regency using Google Forms and direct interviews. The main variables were assessed using Likert scales, measuring creativity, digital leadership, decision-making quality, and public service performance. The analysis involved descriptive and inferential statistics, including regression analysis and mediation analysis. The findings reveal significant positive relationships between creativity, digital leadership, decision-making quality, and public service performance. Creativity and digital leadership were found to positively impact decision-making quality, which in turn influenced public service performance. The implications suggest that fostering a culture of creativity and digital leadership is crucial for enhancing decision-making quality and, consequently, improving public service performance. Public service managers should invest in initiatives to develop creativity and digital leadership skills among employees and prioritize transparent decision-making processes. Furthermore, the study highlights the need for continuous monitoring and evaluation to ensure sustained improvements in public service delivery. The novelty lies in examining the interplay between creativity, digital leadership, decision-making quality, and public service performance within the context of Sidoarjo Regency, providing valuable insights for public service management in the region.

Manufacturing companies constantly strive to produce products that promote better competitiveness. In addition, the current business environment requires manufacturing companies to adopt environmentally friendly concepts, which have become a global customer concern. Therefore, companies must inevitably meet environmental protection requirements through ecologically friendly processes and products. Meanwhile, environmentally friendly adoption requires a capital-intensive investment, which doubts the management regarding the investment return. Hence, top management commitment is highly needed to maintain eco-friendly products and contribute to the company's performance. This study examines the role of top management commitment to operational performance through adopting information technology, supply chain integration, and green supply chain management. This study surveyed manufacturing companies that have implemented ISO 14000, as many as 73 companies with criteria of having more than 100 employees. Data is collected using questionnaires directly and online with Google Forms. The results of data processing analysis found that top management commitment influences information technology adoption with a priority scale to maintain competitiveness and strategies that increase competitiveness. Top management commitment through information technology can improve supply chain integration and green supply chain management. In addition, supply chain integration improves green supply chain management and operational performance. Implement environmental-friendly measures by involving external partners to impact operational performance. The results of this study contribute to enriching supply chain management theory by significantly adopting green supply chain management to improve sustainable development and performance. It also makes a practical contribution by providing insight for practitioners to generate added value for customers.

In this study, an Economic Return Quantity (ERQ) model for the Empty Container Reposition (ECR) problem using the reverse logistics (RL) approach is developed. Some of the model’s primary considerations are the return rate that depends on the quantity and quality of the empty container, and the capacity constraints to hold the empty container in the port. The model of ERQ is optimized using an analytical approach. Based on the result of the hypothetical case, the authors examined that the acceptable quality level of reusable containers should be set at 67%, 55%, and 50% for the three types of containers to be able to obtain minimum inventory costs. Two cases of binding and nonbinding constraints are investigated, and it is found that the binding constraint gives 3.4% higher cost than the latter. The results of this study help the container depots to plan, manage, and handle empty containers so that the container utility can be increased, and inventory costs can be minimized.

This study endeavors to evaluate the effectiveness of green distribution and green supply chain practices at PT Bio Farma (Persero) in relation to polio vaccine products. The ultimate objective is to establish and attain future green distribution targets. The research methodology utilizes the Green Supply Chain Operations Reference (Green SCOR) model and the Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) to analyze the production and distribution data of polio vaccine (OPV) and inactivated polio vaccine (IPV) products from January to December 2023. The performance values for each key component of Green Distribution and Green Supply Chain are as follows: Plan = 22.9, Source = 16.60, Make = 21.53, Deliver = 11.24, and Return = 7.08. The total performance value for Green Distribution and Green Supply Chain is 79.41. According to APICS standards, the performance of Green Distribution and Green Supply Chain is rated as “Good”. Future performance improvements will focus on supply chain and collaborative planning, establishing long-term partnerships with suppliers and customers, optimizing environmentally friendly transportation, and developing the enterprise information system. Our study proposes that the distribution and logistics managers at PT Bio Farma should persistently monitor and assess their operations to enhance the efficiency of their green distribution and green supply chains. By doing so, they can ensure the successful attainment of performance objectives for disseminating the polio vaccine in Indonesia. This research presents a significant advancement by incorporating the Green SCOR framework into the specific domain of polio vaccines, emphasizing sustainability and environmental efficiency. This approach paves the way for new avenues of investigation in green supply chain research and offers a novel viewpoint on how the pharmaceutical industry, specifically vaccine distribution, can utilize sustainable practices to enhance their operations while mitigating environmental ramifications.

The export development of small and medium enterprises (SMEs) in Indonesia is still very low, resulting in their contribution to national exports being very small as well. Government bodies and relevant stakeholders are actively pursuing initiatives to enhance the export performance of SMEs. These efforts include improving the quality of human and social capital and promoting the integration of digital technology into SME operations. This examination evaluates the impact of human capital (HC), social capital (SC), and the utilization of digital technology on the export performance of SMEs. The investigation adopted a survey approach on all export-oriented SMEs listed on the Bank Indonesia website. Data was obtained through the distribution of questionnaires to 614 SMEs. Data analysis was conducted using PLS SEM. The research findings indicate that human capital, social capital, and digital technology have a positive and significant influence on the export performance of SMEs in Indonesia.

The proposed study of this paper investigates the effects of total quality management (TQM) and eco supply chain management on business sustainability. The type of research used in this research is quantitative research and uses an online questionnaire as a tool to collect data from respondents. Research data was obtained by distributing online questionnaires to 568 Manufacturing company managers who were determined using the simple random sampling method. The questionnaire was designed to contain statement items and the Likert scale used in this research. The data analysis method used in this research was structural equation modelling partial least squares (PLS-SEM) with data processing tools, namely SmartPLS 4.0 software. The findings of this research specify that TQM and eco supply chain management had significant effects on business sustainability. The results of this research indicate that TQM and eco supply chain implementation were manifested in the company's ability to produce high product quality directly affecting the business sustainability of manufacturing companies.

The main problems found mainly in the ferry transportation in the port of Merak-Bakauhuni in the Province of Banten, Indonesia, is the high occupational accident due to safety procedures and low ship crew competency which finally influence the company's operational performance. The aim of this research was to know and analyze the influence of safety procedures and ship crew competency on passenger safety that has impacts on the company's operational performance of ferriage at the port. This research used Structural Equation Model – SmartPLS4 with a research sample of as many as 150 ship crew. The results of this research indicated that safety procedures and ship crew competency positively and significantly influence passenger safety. Besides, safety procedures, ship crew competency, and passenger safety positively and significantly influence operational performance. These results also confirmed that passenger safety could mediate the influence of safety procedures on operational performance and the influence of ship crew competency on operational performance.