This study was conducted to consider the relationship between the transportation export value (TR) and energy consumption of Thailand (EN) in the long run by a comparative analysis that relied on testing by the ARDL and NARDL models. The Granger causality of each item was also tested by quarterly time series data from Quarter 1 of 2011-Quarter 4 of 2021. The results revealed a long relationship from the EN to TR. However, only the reduction of the TR affected the EN. According to the results, the energy agencies of Thailand should maintain the balance of EN and sufficient energy imports to drive the TR for its stability.

Tourism has become a new way of living with the living standard development. This study analyses the tourism destination centrality and spatial patterns of the tourism system using complex network analysis. An analysis of 245 destinations in the South of Thailand has found that the network has a low network density, large average path length and low clustering coefficient. Some a small number of high-degree destinations connect to each other, while most connect to others with a low degree. The network comprises 18 subnetworks that destinations densely connect to others in the same subnetwork but sparsely connect to others in different ones. Destinations play different roles in the network based on which a centrality measure is used, degree, betweenness and closeness centrality. 31 destinations with high hub and authority centrality are the centers playing as hubs of the network. The study’s findings draw implications for the sector.

This research aimed to explore the influences of water tourism demand on tourists' revisit intention. The data were collected by a questionnaire from a sample group of Thai and foreign tourists who used a water transportation service on the Mekong River in Luang Prabang, Lao PDR. The random sampling method was used as a convenience sampling technique by quota sampling and classified by ports that served tourists in the Luang Prabang area. Then, the data were analyzed by confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) using the ADANCO software program to verify the structural validity of the latent variables and analyze the model’s consistency. The study found that factors affecting the demand for water tourism consisted of two components: (1) Tourism factors and (2) water transportation factors on the Mekong River. Considering the factors that affected the demand for water tourism, it was found that the most influential factor was the water transportation of the Mekong River, especially the creation of a service product for tourists with the purpose of leisure and the type of water transportation service. Simultaneously, demand for water tourism was found to be one of the main factors reflecting the influence of tourists' revisit intention, especially water tourism on the Mekong River. According to the study, factors affecting the demand for water tourism in the Luang Prabang area greatly affected the demand for water tourism; in addition, the demand for water tourism affected the tourists' revisit intention as well. Therefore, entrepreneurs in water tourism should pay attention to water transportation, and whether it would be the type or design of the water transportation, standards of the water transportation, security measures, and setting a clear service schedule. etc., so that tourists could make their own travel plans to be more appropriate. Furthermore, the Lao government and the private sector should adopt common and unified policies for developing water tourism and promoting publicity and tourism marketing for the effectiveness of Luang Prabang’s water tourism activities.

This research aimed to study the factors affecting the supply chain efficiency of water tourism entrepreneurs in the Northeast provinces of Thailand around the Mekong River Basin. A questionnaire was distributed to and subsequently collected from 246 samples in 7 provinces including Loei, Nong Khai, Bueng Kan, Nakhon Phanom, Mukdahan, Ubon Ratchathani, and Amnat Charoen by proportional allocation and convenience sampling using Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA) and Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) by ADANGO. According to the results, it was found that customer orientation directly affected the supply chain efficiency of water tourism. Knowledge management directly affected the supply chain efficiency of water tourism and supply chain marketing implementation capability as a transmission factor for the supply chain efficiency of water tourism. For these reasons, water tourism entrepreneurs should focus mainly on customer orientation with full-service efficiency. Internal management should be planned as well, e.g., communication training, service training and cultural revitalization of communities around tourist attractions through cooperation with involved agencies, which will enhance the supply chain efficiency of water tourism.

This research aimed to study the approach of the community toward the decision to grow rice and economic crops, including appropriate resource allocation for use on a farm under a large plot agricultural system. The study areas were in Phan district, Chiang Rai province, Thailand, and the data were collected from a sampling of 400 field agriculturalists. The method used was to develop a mathematical model for growing crops with multi-objectives and in multi-periods, together with an agriculturist representative and experts in multiple-criteria decision-making (MCDM). This was to prioritize the importance of alternative crops and find the appropriate allocation of the resources to achieve the targeted goal. The results showed that agriculturists prioritized most toward the criteria for growing Japanese rice with a weight of 0.179 Kg., followed by transplanted rice, transplanted glutinous rice, garlic, sown paddy rice, and sown glutinous paddy rice, respectively. The study’s results also showed that the price fluctuation of the crop products resulted in more use of land and labor in order to increase the production to compensate for the low price, and this also resulted in the higher opportunity cost of growing transplanted rice. Therefore, growing transplanted rice during in season planting was considered the most effective way, while during the off season, either garlic or Japanese rice could be grown. A collective pattern for planning for using resources together in large plot agricultural areas, together with a clear marketing target would bring about effective use of the resources and reduce the risk in revenue from the fluctuation in prices and uncertainty of yields from drought. Moreover, technology development to solve the problem of the lack of labor would be deemed an important approach toward the enhancement of the competitiveness of agriculturists in the future as well.

The objective of this research was to investigate the impacts of the perceived service quality on passengers’ satisfaction towards the service quality of the Nakhon Phanom Municipality, Thailand - Thakhek, Lao People's Democratic Republic ferry. The sample group comprised Thai and Lao passengers who used the ferry’s service. A questionnaire was used to collect data from 505 samples who were selected using the simple random sampling method. The collected data was analyzed using the confirmatory factor analysis (CFA), structural equation model-ling (SEM), and partial least squares (PLS) regression with the ADANCO 2.1.1 software. The results showed that the perceived service quality consisted of tangibles, reliability, responsiveness, assurance, and empathy, which had the same impact with the passengers’ satisfaction towards the service quality. The most influential factors were the tangibles and responsiveness. Therefore, entrepreneurs should priorities the improvement and development of the ferry’s tangibles. Furthermore, the government sector or relevant agencies should promote the implementation of technology into the development in order to fulfill the passengers’ demand and create an impression that would lead to satisfaction and repurchasing.

This research aimed to analyze the influence of the marketing mix on the demand of Thai and foreign tourists along the Mekong Riverside in Nong Khai and Bueng Kan provinces, Thailand that linked to the Lao People's Democratic Republic (Lao PDR), in particular the Vientiane Capital and Bolikhamxay province. Questionnaires were used to collect the data from 410 samples selected by convenience sampling. The data were analyzed via structural equation modeling (SEM) with the WarpPLS 6.0 program. The results showed that the marketing mix comprising product, price, promotion, and process affected the demand of tourists. In consequence, the tourism-related units of Thailand and Lao PDR should focus on a touristic marketing strategy by conserving the standard of the tourist attractions, touristic marketing promotion, and an appropriate price. Moreover, the related stakeholders should become aware of providing services to tourists as means to respond to the demand of Thai and foreign tourists.

The objective of this research was to study the communication factors affecting the tourism services in Loei, Nong Khai, Bueng Kan, Nakhon Phanom, and Mukdahan provinces of Thai-land. Purposive sampling was applied, and the sample group comprised 300 accommodation business receptionists and package tour sales staff. A questionnaire was used as a tool to collect the data, and exploratory factor analysis (EFA) and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) were utilized to analyze the collected data. The findings indicated that the EFA extracted two factors; namely the channel and receiver, which consisted of five variables, and the message and sender, which consisted of five variables that affected the tourism services. Additionally, the results of the CFA showed that the model was consistent with the empirical data (APC=0.90; Average R2= 0.80; GoF = 0.75). The message and sender affected the tourism ser-vices the most, followed by the channel and receiver. Therefore, the relevant agencies and business owners should pay attention to the tourism personnel in terms of message and sender by promoting training and learning to construct understanding in the sent message, be responsible as the sender, and apply the appropriate strategies to send or present the message to the tourism personnel.

The objective of this research is to test the impact of economic factors on the service marketing mix for consumers in choosing street food in Nong Khai Municipality in the Nong Khai province of Thailand. Service marketing involves 7Ps in the study. The method involved a survey of 400 respondents from 3 areas with quota sampling. The results revealed that eco-nomic factors had positive and direct effects on the total service marketing mix and positive indirect effects on each element of the service marketing mix. The economic factor with the greatest effect was People, followed by Product, and Physical Evidence and Presentation, respectively. The study results show that there is a need to focus on all of elements of the service marketing mix for the street food business including the quality of service, food quality and cleanliness.

The objective of this research was to examine the relationships of the five key foreign tourist markets in the Greater Mekong Sub-region (GMS), Cambodia, Laos, Myanmar, Thailand, and Vietnam. Quarterly data of tourist numbers from China, Japan, Korea, Malaysia, and the USA who traveled to the countries in GMS during the period 2001-2017 were used. Vector Autoregressive (VARs) was used to test Granger Causality to explain the relationships among tourist markets in the region. The findings revealed that tourist markets in Cambodia had forward relations with Laos and Vietnam. Those in Laos had forward relationship with Myanmar and Thailand. Tourist markets in Myanmar had forward relationship with Vietnam, Laos, and Thailand. Tourist markets in Thailand had forward relationship with Vietnam, Laos, and Myanmar whereas those of Vietnam had forward relationship with Laos, Myanmar, Thailand, and Cambodia. The overview shows that the key tourist markets in each country supported each other.