This research was conducted to investigate the impact of equity in foreign direct investment (FDI) firms on accountants' loyalty in Thanglong industrial park, Hanoi, Vietnam based on Equity theory. Data were collected through a survey with 150 accountants from Thanglong industrial park. With this data, we have used Cronbach's Alpha, Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA) and correlation analysis to determine the effects of the independent variables on the dependent variable, i.e. the loyalty of accountants. The results show that the equity in FDI firms had positive relationships with the loyalty of accountants in Thanglong industrial park. Based on this finding, this paper gives several recommendations for improvement the loyalty of accountants in Thanglong industrial park.

Financial contagion is the act of spreading of a phenomenon within or from the stock markets sector. Stock markets are highly interlinked and happenings on one side of the world are bound to affect the happenings on another side of the world. The contagion can be because of domestic or international factors. The performance of Nairobi Securities exchange (NSE) was measured by the use of the monthly stock prices as provided by the data vendors at the NSE. This research paper used a quantitative research design where econometric models were used in the analysis. The entire population of the listed firms in the NSE was used. Primary data was collected from the licensed market participants at the NSE. Secondary data during the pre-crisis (April 2006 to July 2007) and post crisis periods (August 2007 to December 2008) were collected using data collection sheets. The data entailed NSE 20 Share Index, FTSE 100 and Standard and Poors and was analyzed using excel and SPSS tools. Hypothesis was tested at 0.05 level of significance and the null hypothesis was rejected at both the primary and the secondary data obtained.

This study aims to analysis the factors influencing on demand for Vietnam Electricity. In this paper, the author builds the Vietnam Electricity Quantity Demand function based on the Alfred Marshall model. The data used to build this function contains 276 observations (from Jan 1995 to December 2017). The author also analyzes the elasticity and the impacts of different factors to influence the Vietnam Electricity Quantity demanded. The study uses multiple linear regression model and the results indicate that all observations were meaningful when the level of significance was five percent. The results also indicate that demand for electricity will increase over the next few years and policy makers have to take some action for the development of the electricity industry.

his study is conducted for evaluating the motivation for accounting human resources by material stimulation in the accounting service firms in Hanoi. Based on literature review and the results of some interviews, dependent variable of the motivation for accounting human resources by material stimulation includes seven attributes. The study has also performed some descriptive analysis, Cronbach's Alpha, Independent T-test and ANOVA for measuring the motivation for accounting human resources by material stimulation in the accounting service firms in Hanoi. The results show that the motivation for accounting human resources by material stimulation achieved an average of 3.74 and with Cronbach's Alpha coefficient greater than 0.6. The study does not find any difference on evaluation of the motivation for accounting human resources by material stimulation in terms of gender and job experience. Based on the findings, some recommendations are given for improving the motivation for accounting human resources by material stimulation in the accounting service firms in Hanoi.

The purpose of this paper is to investigate the adoption of an Activity-Based Costing (ABC) system to provide relevant cost information for enterprises in the business of building and selling Internet of Things (IoT) based products. The research is constructed over the relevant themes identified in previous research about ABC. An important issue that emerges from the analysis is that cost is a function of the volume of production and this notion of production does not represent the source of value generation discussed in this work. A functioning of a smart and connected product requires a cloud-based system for operating and monitoring it throughout its life. The implication of collecting and processing data is that costs essentially changes depending on the volume of data stored and the complexity of intended analytics that would require more qualified analysts. The estimation of costs related to data analytics and products’ monitoring serve as a reference to forecast future expending during the lifetime of products. This research is the first to provide a theoretical discussion on ABC assumptions in the context of IoT business models.

Motivated by the agency theory and the need to examine the effect of separation of ownership and management, this study examines the determinants of profitability in different firm ownership structures and how different ownership structures impact profitability of listed firms between 2003 and 2013, using pooled annual data of 23 Ghanaian listed firms. Employing a number of static models (OLS, Random Effect and 3 Stage Least Squares), we find evidence that while profit determinants vary for listed firms given their ownership structures, ownership structures also affected profitability differently. Specifically, for listed firms, profitability was determined by capital intensity, liquidity, financial risk, age and GDP; for non-family owned listed firms, profitability was determined by capital intensity, liquidity, market share and age; for foreign owned firms, profitability was determined by capital intensity, liquidity, age and GDP; and for non-foreign ownership, profitability is determined by capital intensity, liquidity, financial risk, growth, age and GDP. When we examine the impact of ownership structure on profitability and find that family owned listed firms make 30% less profits compared to non-family owned ones, whilst foreign owned firms make 13% more profits than non-foreign owned ones. These findings confirm the agency theory which posits that separation of ownership and management, though may lead to agency problems, can positively affect profits. The study recommends that family owned listed firms should consider diluting ownership in order to grow more profits.

This study examined the effect of board diversity on the financial performance of deposit money banks in Nigeria. The study also examined the relationship between board independence and financial performance of deposit money banks in Nigeria. For the purpose of this study, the proxy for financial performance is profit margin while the proxies for board diversity and board independence are the ratio of female directors to total board size and ratio of non-executive directors to total board size, respectively. The data for the study were sourced from the annual reports of 10 listed deposit money banks in Nigeria from 2008 to 2017. The data were analyzed using pooled Ordinary Least Square regression. The results show that the coefficient of board diversity was positively signed and statistically significant at 5% (β=0.34, ρ=0.02); the coefficient of board independence was positively signed and statistically significant at 5% (β= 0.11, ρ=0.02). The study concludes that both gender diversity and board independence positively affect the financial performance of deposit money banks in Nigeria. Therefore, the study recommends that deposit money banks should encourage appointment of qualified female directors on the board. In addition, deposit money banks should ensure the independence of the board by appointing independent non-executive director who are well experienced in bank management.

The purpose of this study is to provide updated information and facts of the Malaysian audit market concentration and auditor workload. The global auditing services market is presently dominated by a group of four audit firms which known as Big 4; namely Deloitte, PriceWaterhouseCoopers, Ernst & Young and KPMG. The audit industry in Malaysia offers several exemptions, as observed that two of non-big 4 audit firms succeeded to make their place into the Malaysian top 4. The study examined the audit firms share based on the number of audits and included all Malaysian public listed companies from 2012 to 2016.The findings indicate that the Malaysian audit market falls into the category of loose oligopoly and dominated by 8 audit firms. It is noted that the market share of the Big 4 in Malaysia have been reduced over a five-year period 2012-2016, and these firms mainly focusing more on large or more established clients. The examination related to auditor workload suggests that there is a decreasing trend in the workload of individual audit partners; on average the Big 4 firms staffing ratio is lower as compared with non-big 4 which may indicate that Big 4 partners have less workload. The study is useful for policy makers and regulators to better analyze the audit market concentration and workload in Malaysia.

This paper presents a survey on the effect of corporate dividend payout policy on stock price volatility. The primary objective of this study is to examine the impact of dividend payout ratio on the stock price volatility in Pakistan Stock Exchange. A sample of 15 firms from PSX is considered and the study covers the historical data over the period 2011-2015. Stock Price volatility is the dependent variable in this study and dividend payout ratio is the main independent variable. For this purpose, some other independent variables are also included such as Earnings Volatility, Size of the firm, Leverage and Assets Growth. The study has determined a positive relationship between stock price volatility and dividend payout ratio. In addition, our results show that earnings volatility and leverage had negative relationship with stock price volatility. Other independent variables including assets growth and size have maintained positive relationship with stock price volatility.

This research includes an extensive review of the studies associated with Corporate Governance. The study uses Scopus database as a primary search engine to collect the necessary data and collects 333 records over the period 2010-2018.The purpose of this research is to investigate the structured study of research activities carried out around the subject of corporate governance which have been published in international, well-known and credible magazines, books and sites. For this purpose, the study searches the phrase corporate governance on Scopus site and detects around 7200 documents and 2000 of highly cited documents are selected for the purpose of the investigation accomplished by a bibliometrics tool. The study limits the survey on published articles over the period 1993-2009 and detects 806 documents among 2000 documents from Scopus. The results indicate that papers published by researchers in United States have received the highest citations (8669), followed by United Kingdom (2094) and Australia with 1557 citations.