The increase competitions as well as technological advancements have created motivation among business owners to look for more innovative ideas from outside their organizations. Many enterprises collaborate with other organizations to empower themselves through innovative ideas. These kinds of collaborations can be observed as a concept called Regional Innovation System. These collaborations include inter-firm collaborations, research organizations, intermediary institutions and governmental agencies. The primary objective of this paper is to evaluate relationships between Collaborative Networks and Innovation in information technology business units located in province of Tehran, Iran. The research method utilized for the present study is descriptive-correlation. To evaluate the relationships between independent and dependent variables, canonical correlation analysis (CCA) is used. The results confirm the previous findings regarding the relationship between Collaborative Networks and Innovation. Among various dimensions of Collaboration, Collaboration with governmental agencies had a very small impact on the relationship between collaboration networks and innovation. In addition, the results show that in addition to affecting product innovation and process innovation, collaboration networks also affected management innovation.

The present study investigates the relationship between service quality and customer loyalty in one of Iranian banks in province of Golestan, Iran named Bank Melli Iran. The population of the study consists of all customers of this branch. Using Kersity-Morgan table and simple random sampling, a number of 384 customers were selected as the participants of the study. The method of research is descriptive-correlation with a survey design. SERVQUAL scale and a researcher-made questionnaire were used to examine service quality and customer loyalty, respectively. Pearson correlation formula was run to analyze the data. The results showed a significant relationship between different aspects of service quality and customer loyalty in this particular branch of bank.

Hotel industry plays important role on developing tourism industry and having better services in this industry always help increase market share. The proposed study of this paper considers the effects of four variables including collaboration with staff, collaboration with customers, collaboration with partners and business owners and finally mechanism of integration of knowledge on innovation on service. The population of this survey includes 259 hotels where we send our questionnaire to 179 and manage to collect 170 ones. Cronbach alpha for four variables including collaboration with staff, collaboration with customers, collaboration with partners and business owners and finally mechanism of integration of knowledge were calculated as 0.78, 0.865, 0.743 and 0.890, respectively. The proposed study uses structural equation modeling to study the relationship between independent variables and dependent variable and the effects of four variables are confirmed when the level of significance is five percent.

Information asymmetry is a situation in which one party in a transaction has more or superior information compared with another. This often happens in transactions where the seller knows more than the buyer does although the reverse also may happen. Potentially, this could be a harmful circumstance because one party can take advantage of the other party & apos; s lack of knowledge. In this paper, we examine the effect of information asymmetry on earning management. To test the research hypotheses, a sample of 47 companies listed in Tehran Stock Exchange over the period 2002-2008 based on panel data was taken. In these models, the presence or absence of effects models (fixed or random) is reviewed and finally the best model is estimated. Inference is based on significant level or p-value, thus likely that any value or significance level of the test is less than 0.05 is rejected at the 95 percent confidence level. The result shows that the information asymmetry has some meaningful effects on earnings management.

Loneliness is one of the primary issues, which harms social activities especially among young people who need to take part in work force, actively. This paper presents an empirical investigation on the effects of timidity and loneliness among female students who attend in one of Islamic Azad University, Shahreza unit. The proposed study selects 60 students out of 400 female students who were living university dormitory. The survey uses Pearson correlation ratio between timidity and loneliness and our survey indicates that the Pearson correlation ratio is equal to r=0.11 with P-value=0.33. Therefore, we can conclude that there is no meaningful relationship between timidity and loneliness when the level of significance is five percent.

Measuring the relative efficiency of banking industry has been one of the most interesting areas of research for the past few years. There are literally various techniques for measuring the relative performance of similar units such as banks including data envelopment analysis and stochastic frontier analysis. This paper presents an empirical investigation to measure the relative performance of some Iranian banks located in province of Alborz, Iran for two consecutive fiscal years of 2009 and 2010. The proposed study implements stochastic frontier analysis to measure the performance of these banks based on two set of criteria. In the first model, total loans devoted are considered as output and employees, total customers?investment, total fixed assets as well as no-interest deposits are considered as inputs of the model. For the second model, special banks?characteristics such as total economic value of branch, the ratio of fixed assets to total assets, educational backgrounds of employees as well as the level of automation in the system are considered as input parameters of the systems. The results indicate that most bank perform relatively well according to their efficiencies.

Home appliances are among basic requirements of anyone in the world and it is always important to find out about factors influencing this industry. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to provide a comprehensive model to detect major factors influencing on consumer purchasing intention. For this purpose, the proposed study designs a questionnaire and distributes it among 400 customers who have some experiences on purchasing home appliances in city of Tehran, Iran, recently. Cronbach alpha was calculated for all components of the survey and they were all well above the minimum acceptable level. We analyzed the data using structural equation modeling via LISREL and the results of this survey show that brand familiarity, brand trust, and perceived value have significant positive effects on consumers purchase intention.

Consumer behavior plays an important role on purchasing goods and services from food chain stores. In this paper, we present a study to detect important factors impacting consumer behavior on Iranian food industry, named Shahrvand. The proposed study selects 384 customers who made some purchases during the year of 2012. Structural equation modeling has been performed to detect important factors influencing compulsive buying including emotional instability, attractive appearance, social recognition, financial success. Cronbach alphas have been calculated for these four mentioned items were well above 0.80, which validated the overall questionnaire of the survey. The results of our survey have confirmed that all four independent variable influenced positively on compulsive buy, significantly.

During the past few years, there have been some changes on traditional training methodologies in the world, specially, in elementary schools. Many schools have decided to perform their assessments in elementary schools based on qualitative methods compared with traditional quantitative techniques. This paper performs an empirical investigation to find out whether the new evaluation technique has been able to improve student teacher’s cognitive abilities and skills on evaluation of academic achievement practices. These student-teacher people taught at elementary schools while they also were studying at university. There are two types of questionnaires: The first one measures cognitive capabilities in four categories including levels of learning and educational objectives, designing paper and pencil test, functional test design and analysis and interpretation of results. The second test is associated with measuring functional skills in the evaluation of academic progress. The information were analyzed based on t-student test as well as two-way analysis of variance. The result of t-statistics was significant only for the last item, analysis and interpretation. In addition, the results of ANOVA test have indicated that there were some differences on cognitive capabilities between two methods of assessments but gender did not make any meaningful difference on functional skills.