This study explores the impact of board characteristics and ownership structures on the strategic decisions taken for R&D investment. The study employs a sample comprising 1736 firm-year observations of 434 technological firms listed on the Taiwanese Stock Exchange (TWSE) between 2014 and 2017. Contrary to extant research, the findings reveal that board independence plays a crucial role relative to R&D intensity, as strong evidence reflects a positive and significant relationship thereon. Moreover, the empirical results demonstrate negative and significant relationships between CEO Duality, Board size (in big companies), Executive & Manager, Board of Directors and Top Blockholders; ownership structures, and firm R&D intensity. Interestingly, the ownership structure results emerging from this Taiwanese contextual study support, and are consistent with the predictions of the ‘entrenchment argument’ and are counter to the ‘convergence of interest’ argument. The findings emerging from this research provide an opportunity for further discussion and analysis regarding corporate governance principles and regulations. Firms seeking to optimize their R&D policy imperatives may benefit from such a study.

The objective of this study is to examine the role of external factors including MP, CP, and NP on the intention to adopt Cloud Based Accounting Information System (CB-AIS). The study proposes a theoretical framework based on institutional theory (INT). The data were collected from small and medium sized enterprise (SMEs) operating in Jordan. A total of 600 questionnaires were distributed to selected SMEs and only 142 were returned and used for the analysis. The empirical data were analyzed using the PLS-SEM modelling. The findings showed that MP, CP, and NP had significant direct associations with the CB-AIS intention to adopt. The results provide important insights to managers, researchers and policymakers to help them understand the importance of CB-AIS adopting to enhance firm performance.

The research aims to identify the impact of tax revenues on the growth of the gross domestic product (GDP) in Jordan during the period 2000-2018. The research reaches a set of results, which is that the greater the value of tax revenues by one unit, the greater the value of the GDP in Jordan by 7.257 units during the same period. There is also a positive effect of tax revenues on the growth and increase of the GDP in Jordan, however, there is no common integration between tax revenues and the GDP in Jordan. Moreover, there is a correction from the short term to the long term and there is an effect of the long-term correction of the relationship between tax revenues and the GDP during the study period. The study recommends the need to work to facilitate the procedures for individuals to pay taxes through modern technological means, work to develop and simplify tax services and raise the level of transparency in tax dealings with all individuals, the need to make amendments to the tax law in order to match the living conditions of individuals and achieve the highest efficiency in collecting due taxes, increasing tax exemptions that are offered to foreign investment to encourage them for investments in all economic, commercial, service and industrial fields in Jordan, working to diversify sources of income for the Jordanian economy and not to rely entirely on tax revenues as a primary source of income.

The purpose of this study is to analyze the impact of working capital management, fixed assets and debt ratio on company profitability. The study uses a sample of consumer goods sector companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange from 2017 to 2019. The researchers use working capital management by the number of number of days account receivable (ARDays), the number of days Account Payable (APDays), the number of days inventory (INVDays), the Fixed Financial Asset Ratio (FA), and the Financial Debt Ratio (FD) with profitability by using gross profit (GP). Researchers used the secondary data obtained from the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) on yearly basis and process the data statistics with multiple regression by SPSS 20. The population of this research includes 54 companies and the total sample covers 46 companies by passing the purposive sampling stage. The results of this study indicate that there was a significant relationship between working capital management, FA ratio and profitability while FD ratio had no effect on profitability.

The poverty becomes a serious problem because of the impact it causes. The factors that affect poverty are economic growth, low education, the limitation of natural resources, the limitation of employment opportunities, capital, and family burdens. All of these factors constitute a vicious circle in the problem of poverty. The problems studied are lag-1 investment, lag-2 investment, employment opportunities, and provincial minimum wages and their effects on the poverty rates in Riau Province, Indonesia. The fundamental problem faced by Riau Province today is the high level of poverty amidst government policies that have not met the expectations. The purpose of this study is to analyze government policies in order to reduce the poverty. The research method used was an explanatory study or hypothesis testing study that aims to explain and test hypotheses for the relationship among variables. The relationship described is a causal (cause-effect) relationship. The data were arranged in the form of time series during 1997-2018. The research model was formulated as a linear function based on the Nerlove's Partial Adjustment Model approach and was recursively analyzed using linear regression through the Ordinary Least Square (OLS) method. The findings of this research model are lag-1 investment, lag-2 investment, employment opportunities, and provincial minimum wages have a significant effect on the poverty rate in Riau Province.

The indicators of success in macro development can be measured from the economic growth, which is reflected in changes in the Gross Regional Domestic Product (GRDP). The factors which affect the economic growth are very complex. This study analyzes the economic growth and the factors that affect Sumatra island. The data used is panel data with descriptive analysis techniques and multiple linear regression. Based on the research results: Education, economic openness, road infrastructure, and investment have a positive and significant effect on economic growth and poverty and unemployment have a negative and significant effect on economic growth. Besides, the results of panel data explained that the openness of the economy to economic growth is very low, while the highest is education.

The aim of this research is to analyze the impact of coffee industry on economic growth of Vietnam. This research has used historic data for coffee production, consumption, exports, and coffee stock for Vietnam, thus this research has followed a quantitative design. The data in this research has been collected from the time period ranging from 1990 to 2018. There are several techniques that were applied in E-views such as descriptive statistics, bounds test, and autoregressive distributed lag model. The results of ARDL model indicate that in the short run coffee industry has an influence on the economic growth in Vietnam. It can be stated that for the short-run the null hypothesis is rejected stating that domestic consumption, exportable consumption, gross opening stock, and total coffee production have impacts over the gross domestic product (GDP) of Vietnam. The results of Bounds test show there is a significant impact of coffee industry on the economic growth of Vietnam in the long run as well.

One of the main goals of every individual or household is to achieve financial well-being. Previous research has shown that various factors influence financial well-being. This research aims to develop an integrated family financial welfare model by examining various factors that affect it. This study uses data of 1,158 households taken using an online survey. The data is analyzed using a structural equation model. The results show that financial experience, financial knowledge, financial status, and marital status directly affect financial well-being. Financial behavior significantly mediates the influence of financial behavior, financial knowledge, and locus of control on financial well-being. Furthermore, marital status strengthens the effect of financial knowledge on financial well-being, but it does not strengthen the effect of financial experience on financial well-being. This study suggests that the Government and financial authorities need to improve further the effectiveness of financial literacy and financial inclusion programs and campaign for a more frugal life among households to avoid financial difficulties.

The status process and the multiplicity occur in the economic environment in the Republic of Iraq within the organization of work for companies and change towards the best new types of special operations through accounting and administrative methods to reduce costs. The paper opted the decision on the use of outsourcing and defined comprehensive evaluation criteria for the effectiveness of outsourcing - the outsourcing factor (Fout), which takes into average values obtained for the estimates of relative parameters to be interpreted on the Harrington scale translated into a ten-point system. The authors rely data analyses of business processes based on a sample from one of the industrial companies operating in the Republic of Iraq, which is the State Company For Implementation (SCI), in the Republic of Iraq, in the demonstrated the need to transfer it to full outsourcing & partial outsourcing and actually execution. This has a positive impact on the company's main financial and economic indicators and increase their competitiveness in the market, which has been the focus of many research studies. The study itself brings a unique method in theory and practice, which can be used by other companies, to deduce the implications of business organization to decision makers who are seeking for the best types of new special operations, which contributes to raising its competitiveness in the market.

The study examines the effect of board size, frequency of board meetings and frequency of audit committee meetings on the market value of 11 Jordanian commercial banks as measured by Tobin’s Q. Random effect panel data regression is employed to test the study hypotheses. Results reveal that board size has a significant and negative effect on bank market value. Results also show that frequency of board meetings has no effect on bank value, while the frequency of audit committee meetings has a significant and positive effect on bank value. The results suggest that the argument of agency theory and resource independence theory towards the role of board and its committees in supporting firm value should be always combined with the appropriate size. Accordingly, one important implication of the study is that the selection of an appropriate number of board members and the prior effective preparation for their meetings are critical factors to enhance the value of banks in Jordan.