In Vietnam, public hospitals are increasingly operating in a highly competitively environment and therefore cost management has become an imperative. The purpose of this research is to establish the factors influencing cost system development success among public hospitals in Vietnam. In order to achieve this objective, some primary and secondary data were used. The secondary data include books, journals, periodicals, unpublished research materials and the internet and the primary data include interview and a well-structured questionnaire administered to 260 respondents in the 50 public hospitals sampled from the population. The data collected from the questionnaire were analyzed using relevant econometric tests. The results suggest a relationship between the factors influencing the cost system development in public hospitals in Vietnam.

We examine the impact of CEO duality on firm performance using the life-cycle theory approach. The data is balanced and covers over the period 2012–2018 for 442 publicly listed firms in Vietnam. The findings from system generalized method of moments (GMM) method indicate that CEO duality had a positive effect on firm performance in growth stage and had a negative effect on the mature stage of the firm’s life-cycle. These results are supported by stewardship theory which argues that CEO duality may be good for firm performance in the growth stage due to the unity of presented command. In contrast, agency theory shows CEO duality is bad for firm performance in the maturing stage since it compromises the monitoring and controls the behavior of the CEO. Also, this study shows that there was a difference between state shareholders and director from outside of the company affecting the firm performance.

This article focuses on identifying the essential factors that affect the audit quality and proposing some implications of the policy to contribute to the enhancement of the social trust in Vietnam audit profession. The pressure on the certified and reliable financial information is a key challenge to stimulate auditors to improve audit quality. The study reaches its objective by analyzing the point of views from survey participants (CPA and independent auditors) by using questionnaires and interviewing in combination with abroad and domestic references. The authors have collected 102 responses from professional staff working in auditing firms in Ho Chi Minh (HCM) city. Through evaluating the reliability of the scale, exploratory factor analysis (EFA), correlation analysis and multiple linear regression analysis, the research model shows that there are six factors affecting the audit quality. They are (1) professional ethics of auditors, (2) professional capacity of auditors, (3) quality of external control, (4) internal factors belong to auditing firms, (5) audit fees and (6) size of auditing firms.

Vietnamese construction enterprises play an important role in Vietnam's economic development. However, Vietnamese construction enterprises are facing many difficulties in business activities. One of the difficulties is the management of business activities to improve the efficiency of the business. There are many management tools that provide information to managers in order to make decisions in the business operations of the business effectively. One of the important tools for managing business operations in an enterprise is the use of internal controls. Internal control will establish control procedures to provide security for assets and information of the business. The full application of internal control elements in the business will help businesses save costs, increase sales and improve corporate performance. The purpose of this study is to explore the application of internal control elements to improve performance in Vietnamese construction firms. The study used 256 questionnaires sent to managers in construction businesses. After collecting 106 questionnaires, the study used SPSS 20 to process and analyze data. The research results show a positive relationship between elements of internal control and performance. The results of the study show that Vietnamese construction enterprises need to apply aspects of internal control to improve their performance.

In the learning theory, the vast majority of both theoretical and applied research have concentrated on the developed world. In contrast, developing, in particular, emerging economies have drawn much less attention. Moreover, empirical outcomes are conflicting, with some studies revealing learning-by-doing to have a positive impact, but others finding learning-by-doing to have a negative effect on the performance. Therefore, this study is conducted through the Metropolis-Hastings and Gibbs samplers in the context of a Cobb-Douglas specification to evaluate the effects of learning-by-doing on firm performance on a panel data of the 227 manufacturing firms listed on the Vietnamese stock market. A Bayesian mixed-effects regression used allows for capturing the varying effects of all the researched firms. The study found that firm-specific learning-by-doing has a strong positive influence on firm performance. This finding is accordant with the predictions of the learning theory, many previous investigations, as well as the fact that in a fast-growing economy like Vietnam, firm-specific learning-by-doing is closely associated with economic growth. Some helpful policy implications proposed are aimed at increasing productivity for firms in emerging economies.

The objective of this paper is to assess the factors affecting the intention to use derivative financial instruments (DFIs) in Hanoi Stock Exchange, Vietnam. The study was conducted on 356 enterprises listed on the Hanoi Stock Exchange and the results show that Perception, Misuse, Expertise, risk management controls and Benefits had positive impacts on the intention to use the DFIs. In this survey, the risk management controls factor maintains the strongest impact on the intention to use FDIs of the enterprises. Finally, the study conducted multi-group analysis by groups; including Gender, Education and Position held with firms.

The purpose of this study was to examine the influence of institutions and macroeconomic factors on the capitalization of securities in East Asian and Pacific countries (EAP). A balanced panel data is used to collect time-series from 2008 to 2018 in 11 EAP countries and to analyze the impacts of institutions, macroeconomics and stock market capitalization by the general moment method (GMM). Instead of measuring in detail each aspect of the institution as in previous studies, the six institutional aspects as defined by Kaufmann et al. (2011) [Kaufmann, D., Kraay, A., & Mastruzzi, M. (2011). The worldwide governance indicators: methodology and analytical issues. Hague Journal on the Rule of Law, 3(2), 220-246.] were calculated into one institutional variable. The institutional variables in this article were measured to ensure a more logical and consistent way of institutional influence on stock capitalization. The results indicate that, the institutions and macroeconomic factors were significant in forecasting the stock market capitalization size. Institutional, economic growth and savings had positive effects, macroeconomic factors such as inflation and high interest rates had a negative impact on stock capitalization in EAP countries. The institutions and macroeconomic factors had a significant impact on stock capitalization in EAP countries, the majority of developed markets had better institutions, better control of inflation and interest rates, and most undeveloped markets had higher economic growth and domestic savings.

This research is conducted to investigate determinants that affect delays in the signing of audit reports in Vietnam. The audit delay is measured as a function of the number of days that elapse from the accounting period until the date when the audit report is signed. This study employs a sample of 142 foreign direct investment (FDI) firms in Vietnam in 2019. We use Linear regression analysis, modelling audit delay as a function of the following explanatory variables: firm size, audit firm type, sign of income, audit opinion, and leverage. The findings indicate that the firms that report net income, that have standard audit opinion, and that have bigger size release their audited financial statements earlier. Variables such as auditor firm and leverage show no significant relationship with audit delay.

This study employs a panel data analysis to identify the factors that significantly affect the capital adequacy ratio (CAR) of Vietnamese commercial banks for the period from 2011 to 2018. During this period, the number of banks had decreased from 41 to 31 due to mergers and acquisitions. The variables that are hypothesized to affect the capital adequacy ratio of commercial banks in Vietnam include bank size (SIZE), deposit (DEP), loan (LOA), loan loss reserves (LLR), liquidity (LIQ), return on assets (ROA), return on capital (ROE), net interest margin (NIM), non-performing loans (NPL) and leverage (LEV). The results indicate that LEV, LLR, ROE had a negative impact, ROA had a positive impact, and SIZE, DEP, LOA, LIQ, NIM, NPL did not significantly influence the CAR of Vietnamese commercial banks.

Vietnam’s stock market although has small scale without a long history of development but the exchange has just started for a massive development. There have also been a number of anomalies, suggested that the market is not efficient. Therefore, there is a possibility that active investors with right strategy can consistently achieve higher profit than the market portfolio. This paper analyzes the statistical and economic significance of the calendar anomalies to propose appropriate strategies or recommendations. Studying the calendar anomalies in Vietnam also diversifies the research scope and validates some hypotheses in the past. In this research, the authors just analyze the monthly effects and the experimental results of this study may have significant implications not only for financial managers, financial advisers and investors but also for government to implement policy on stock market.