In this paper, the synthesis of arylidene heterobicyclicpyrimidinones and thiones is reported by condensation of aromatic aldehydes, cyclopentanone, and urea or thiourea in the present of FePO4 as the green and recyclable catalyst. Using solvent-free conditions, non-toxic and inexpensive materials, simple and clean work-up, relatively short reaction times, and high yields of the products are the advantages of this method. Also, some new derivatives of arylidene dihydropyrimidinones and thiones were prepared by this green method.

Kinetic study of oxidation of toluidine blue (TB+) by periodate was carried out in aqueous medium and also in the cetyl trimethyl ammonium bromide (CTAB) reverse micellar medium. In both the media reaction obeys first order kinetics with respect to each of the reactants. In the reverse micellar medium, the reaction is forty times faster compared to aqueous medium under identical experimental conditions. The pronounced acceleration is accounted for by the lower micro polarity and the concentration effect present in the bound water of reverse micelles. In CTAB reverse micellar medium, the pseudo first order rate constant (k’) of the reaction is almost constant at all values of W, {W=[H2O]/[CTAB]} indicating that the reaction takes place on the micellar surface and results were explained by modified Berezin pseudo phase model..

A clean and efficient, mediated in water and assisted by ultrasound method for the synthesis of a series of N-substituted 1-amino-3-ferrocenyl-3-oxoprop-1-enes starting from acetyl ferrocene was developed. Our approach offers shortening of the reaction time under the mild reaction conditions and easy work up procedure.

Pioglitazone hydrochloride (PGH) is an oral anti-hyperglycemic agent used in the treatment of type-2 diabetes mellitus. Potassium permanganate was found to oxidize PGH both in acidic and basic conditions, based on which two simple and sensitive methods were developed for its determination in bulk sample and tablets, and validated. In the first method (indirect method), PGH was reacted with a measured excess of standard permanganate in H₂SO₄ medium, and the residual oxidant was determined by measuring its absorbance at 550 nm. The second method (Direct method) entails treating PGH with permanganate in NaOH medium, followed by the measurement of the resulting bluish-green manganite at 610 nm. Experimental variables affecting the reactions were studied and optimized. Under optimum conditions, linear relationships with good correlation coefficients were found between absorbance and concentration in the ranges, 1.25 – 25 µg mL^-1 (Indirect method) and 1-12 µg mL^-1 (Direct method) with respective molar absorptivity values of 1.10 × 10⁴ and 2.77 × 10⁴ l mol^-1 cm^-1. The limits of detection (LOD) and quantification (LOQ) were 0.36 and 1.08 (Indirect method) and 0.23 and 0.69 µg mL^-1 (Direct method). Intra-day and inter-day precisions were satisfactory, with %RSD values of ≤2.11, and the respective accuracies were excellent with %RE values of ≤2. The methods were also validated for robustness, ruggedness and selectivity. The methods were applied to the determination of PGH in its tablets with good accuracy and precision, and no interference from the tablet additives was encountered. The results were also compared with those obtained by a reference method.

An ecofriendly methods for the synthesis of medicinally important class of heterocyclic scaffold, pyrazole 4-carbonitrile derivatives by one pot three component reaction of malononitrile, phenyl hydrazine and aromatic aldehyde has been achieved at room temperature. Greener protocols of reaction are followed by using sodium chloride to accelerate the reaction in aqueous media. Present methodology is a condition based divergence on synthesis of pyrazole by using simple salts, which offers several advantages like use of aqueous media and high yield of product along with short reaction time, simple work up procedure, no waste or by products, avoid the use of heavy metals or nanoparticles are the fascinating characteristics of reaction.

An ecofriendly methods for the synthesis of medicinally important class of heterocyclic scaffold, pyrazole 4-carbonitrile derivatives by one pot three component reaction of malononitrile, phenyl hydrazine and aromatic aldehyde has been achieved at room temperature. Greener protocols of reaction are followed by using sodium chloride to accelerate the reaction in aqueous media. Present methodology is a condition based divergence on synthesis of pyrazole by using simple salts, which offers several advantages like use of aqueous media and high yield of product along with short reaction time, simple work up procedure, no waste or by products, avoid the use of heavy metals or nanoparticles are the fascinating characteristics of reaction.

The reaction of lithiation of 2-bromo-4-(1,3-dioxolan-2-yl)-1,3-thiazole with in position 5 of the thiazole ring and double lithiation with t-butyllithium (t-BuLi) in positions 2 and 5 lithium diisopropylamide (LDA) are investigated. When lithiated and dilithiated thiazoles were treated with different electrophiles, a number of trifunctional 1,3-thiazoles were obtained with high yields.

The total synthesis of mycophenolic acid (MPA), a potent immunosuppressant, was modified. The obtained mycophenolic acid was suitable for further preparation of new prospective immunosuppressants with improved therapeutic properties.

A new method of amidation of Carboxy Multi Walled Carbon Nanotubes (MWCNT-COOH) with diamine monomer such as ethylene diamine (EDA) and O-Phenylenediamine (OPDA) was applied by using a solution blending technique. The structure and properties of these composites have been investigated by FTIR, SEM, TEM, XRD, UV, DSC and TGA. The formation of Poly [MWCNT/ Amide] composites was confirmed and the DC electrical conductivity of poly-composites was in the range 4.5×10^-6-5.3×10^-6 S/cm due to the interaction between the nanotubes.

A molecular mechanism of the [3+2] cycloaddition has been explored using various DFT theoretical levels. It was found that the reaction proceeds via transition states with different synchronicity, but no intervention of the theoretical possible zwitterionic intermediates. Additionally, regioselectivity of the cycloaddition process has been analysed using vibrational analysis of localised TSs