The main problem in this research, among others, was the lack of attention given by the company management to the seafarers' demands concerning health, social aspects, work stress, work environment, work facilities, and working hours that increased seafarers' pressure. The aim of this research was to analyze the influence of job satisfaction and work stress on shipping safety with seafarer performance as the intervening variable. The research was carried out in Balai Pendidikan dan Pelatihan Ilmu Pelayaran (Center for Maritime Education and Training) Tangerang with the samples of 93 seafarers working in several shipping companies. Data was processed using Path analysis. The result of this research showed that job satisfaction and work stress directly influenced seafarer performance. Meanwhile, job satisfaction and work stress had an indirect influence on shipping safety through seafarer performance, and seafarer performance had a direct influence on shipping safety. The result of Path analysis showed that work stress rather than job satisfaction had a bigger influence on seafarer performance, and seafarer performance had the biggest direct influence on shipping safety.

This research aims to know and analyze the contribution of enterprise risk management and business strategy to the competitive advantage and company performance of shipping companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange. The company performance and competitive advantage of shipping companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange fluctuate and are decreasing. The enterprise risk which is not well-managed can result in a decrease in competitive advantage and company performance. The shipping companies having no competitive advantage will have poor performance and lose in the competition with similar companies. This research uses Path Analysis with the analysis tool of Partial Least Square SmartPLS3 and its path coefficient significance test using a t-test. The total number of samples is 65 consisting of 13 companies with five years of observation taken using the purposive sampling technique. The result of this research states that shipping companies in Indonesia can increase their company performance through enterprise risk management. So, the companies must practice enterprise risk management properly where the aspect of risk management is integrated into the company strategy. Shipping companies in Indonesia can also increase their company performance through competitive advantage so that they can increase their revenue. Shipping companies can increase their company performance through business strategy, so they must implement a business strategy.