The importance of environmentally friendly issues related to manufacturing industry activities in Makassar City is currently a special concern. Green supply chain management integrates supply chain management with environmental management, so it is important to reduce environmental impacts. This study aims to determine the antecedents of green supply chain collaborative innovation on the performance of Small and Medium Enterprises in the Tourism Sector. Data was collected by distributing questionnaires. The unit of research analysis is Small and Medium Enterprises in the Tourism Sector in West Java. Respondents who were used as samples were 311 respondents. The analytical method used in testing the hypothesis is Partial Least Square (PLS). The results show: green supply chain management has a positive and significant effect on the performance of Small and Medium Enterprises in the Tourism Sector in West Java, green supply chain management mediates the effect of green innovation and transformational leadership on the performance of Small and Medium Enterprises in the Tourism Sector.

The purpose of this study is to analyse the effects of (1) quintuple helix on small and medium enterprises (SMEs) performance; (2) ability of SMEs on SMEs performance; (3) quintuple helix on ability of SMEs; (4) innovation on SMEs performance and (5) innovation on ability of SMEs. The analysis uses quantitative analysis, as a descriptive analysis as well as inferential statistics. Respondents are taken from the population of the craft subsector of creative industries, governments, academicians, media-based and culture-based public, in addition to natural environments of society in creative industrial cluster cities in Spain (50 samples) and Indonesia (50 samples). The results of the study identify the significant influence of: (1) quintuple helix on SMEs performance; (2) ability on SMEs performance; and (5) innovation on ability of SMEs. On the other hand, they show the non-significant influence of (3) quintuple helix on ability of SMEs and (4) innovation on SMEs performance in craft cluster creative industry in Indonesia. Regarding the craft creative industry in Spain, the results show the significant influence of (2) ability of SMEs on SMEs performance, (3) quintuple helix on ability of SMEs; (4) innovation on SMEs performance and (5) innovation on ability of SMEs, but the non-significant influence of (1) quintuple helix on SMEs performance. The comparative study results show that the relationship of (2) ability of SMEs on SMEs performance, (5) innovation on ability of SMEs, both in Indonesia and Spain, were significant. On the other hand, there are some significant relationship of (3) quintuple helix on ability of SMEs and (4) innovation on SMEs performance in Spain but such relationships do not exist in Indonesia. Moreover, while the effect of (1) quintuple helix on SMEs performance is significant in Indonesia, it is not significant in Spain. Furthermore, the mediation function shows the inverted result on indirect relationship of quintuple helix on SMEs performance through ability of SMEs in Indonesia, but full mediation in Spain, whereas the effect of innovation on SMEs performance through ability of SMEs is observed as full mediation in Indonesia, but partial mediation in Spain.

This research was conducted to examine the extent to which market uncertainty can encourage market players, especially SMEs, to exploit innovation and environmentally friendly orientation to improve their performance. From a supply chain perspective, market uncertainty, which in this study is proxied by the Covid-19 pandemic, has great potential to reduce performance and disrupt production and distribution lines as well as consumer demand. This encourages affected SMEs, such as SMEs that focus on providing tourism products, such as fashion and merchandise, to maintain their performance with product innovation, and minimize the use of non-environmentally friendly products. The object of research is Small and Medium Enterprise (SME) producing tourism souvenirs in Yogyakarta, Indonesia. Using the analysis technique of Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) with 150 respondents, the findings indicate that market uncertainty serves as a catalyst for SMEs to maintain performance through marketing innovation and product reorientation. Specifically, the results show that there is a positive and significant influence between innovation and green orientation on SME performance, and the mediating effect of market uncertainty to increase marketing innovation and environmentally friendly orientation. These findings theoretically contribute to explaining the relationship between supply chain management in the context of market uncertainty. In practical terms, this study confirms the need for support by stakeholders to support limited domestic tourism, according to health protocols, as well as digitalization of marketing for tourism SMEs.