In this paper, we examine the relationship between inflation rate and profitability ratios in the top 36 companies in the Tehran Stock Exchange (TSE). The study uses historical data over the period 2005-2010 and using linear regression methods examines different hypotheses. The main idea of the proposed hypotheses is that there is a significant relationship between the inflation rate and profitability ratios, and the results confirm the significant relationship between the inflation rate and profitability ratios such as return on assets (ROA) ratio, return on equity (ROE) ratio, gross profit (GPR) as well as net profit ratio (NPR). There is no significant correlation, however, between these two variables in past and future periods.