How to cite this paper
Mohammadian, M & Dehabadi, H. (2012). Comparing the personality of three well-known sporting brands in Iran.Management Science Letters , 2(5), 1769-1778.
Refrences
Aaker, J., Fournier, S., & Brasel S.A.( 2004). When good brands do bad. Journal of Consumer Resources, 31(1), 1–16.
Aaker, J. (1997). Dimensions of brand personality. Journal of Marketing Resources, 24, 347–356.
Aaker, J., Benet-Martinez, V., & Garolera, J. (2001). Consumption symbols as carriers of culture: a study of Japanese and Spanish brand personality constructs. Journal of personality and social psychology, 81, 492–508.
Arvidsson, A. (2006). Brands Meaning and Value in Media Culture. Taylor & Francis e-Library.
Azoulay, A., & Kapferer, J.N. (2003). Do brand personality scales really measure brand personality? Brand Management, 11, 143?155.
Brakus, J.J., Schmitt, B.H., & Zarantonello, L. (2009). Brand experience: what is it? How is it measured? Does it affect loyalty? Journal of Marketing, 73(3), 52–68.
Caprara, G.V., & Perugini, M. (1994). Personality described by adjectives: Generalizability of the Big Five to the Italian lexical context. European Journal of Personality, 357–69.
Caprara, G.V., Barbaranelli, C., & Guido, G. (2001). Brand personality: how to make the metaphor fit? Journal of Econ Psychol, 2, 377–95.
De Raad, B. (2000). The Big Five Personality Factors: The Psycholexical Approach to Personality. G?ttingen: Hogrefe and Huber Publishers.
Fennis, B.M., Pruyn, A. T. H. (2007). You are what you wear: Brand personality influences on consumer impression formation. Journal of Business Research, 60, 634–639.
Freling, T. H., Crosno, J.L., & Henard, D.L. (2011). Brand personality appeal: conceptualization and empirical validation. Journal of the Academic Marketing Science, 39, 392–406.
Geuens, M., Weijters, B. & De Wulf, K. (2009). A new measure of brand personality. International Journal of Research in Marketing, 26, 97–107
Gillespie, K., Krishna, K., & Jarvis, S. (2002). Protecting global brands: Toward a global norm. Journal of International Marketing, 10(2), 99–113.
Gibbons, J. (2008). Discover your bank’s personality. ABA Bank Marketing, 30–35.
Goldberg, L.R. (1993). The structure of phenotypic personality traits. American Psychologist, 48, 26–34.
Goldberg, L.R., & Rosolack, T.K. (1994). The Big-Five structure as an integrative framework.An empirical comparison with Eysenck & apos; s P-E-N model. In: Halverson CG, Kohnstamm GA, Martin RP, editors. The Developing Structure of Temperament and Personality from Infancy to Adulthood. New York, NY: Erlbaum. 7-35.
Green, R.T. & Smith, T. (2004). Countering brand counterfeiters. Journal of International Marketing, 10(4), 89–106.
Grohmann, B. (2009). Gender dimensions of brand personality. Journal of Marketing Research, 46, 105–119.
Haig, M. (2003). Brand Failures. London: Kogan Page.
Henderson, P.W., Cote, J. A., Leong, S.M., & Schmitt, B. (2003). Building strong brands in Asia: selecting the visual components of image to maximize brand strength. International Journal of Research in Marketing, 20, 297–313.
Hess, S., Bauer, H., Kuester, S., & Huber, F. (2007). In brands we trust: marketing & apos; s impact on service brand personality and trust. European Marketing Academy 36th Conference Proceedings. May: 22–25, Iceland.
Hosany, S., Ekinci, Y., & Uysal, M. (2006). Destination image and destination personality: An application of branding theories to tourism places. Journal of Business Research, 59, 638–642.
Hsieh, M. H. (2004). Measuring global brand equity using cross-national survey data. Journal of International Marketing, 12(2), 28–57.
Keller, K. L. (1993). Conceptualizing, measuring and managing customer-based brand equity. Journal of Marketing, 57, 1–22.
Kim, H. (2000). Examination of brand personality and brand attitude within the apparel product category. Journal of Fashion Marketing Management, 4(3), 243–252.
Mela, C.F., Gupta, S., & Lehmann, D.R. (1997). The long-term impact of promotion and advertising on consumer brand choice. Journal of Marketing Resources, 34(2), 248–261.
Milas, G., & Mla?i?, B. (2007). Brand personality and human personality: Findings from ratings of familiar Croatian brands. Journal of Business Research, 60, 620–626.
Pitta, L.F., Opokub, R., Hultmanb, M., Abrattc, R., & Spyropouloud, S. (2007). What I say about myself: Communication of brand personality by African countries. Tourism Management, 28, 835–844.
Papania, L., Campbell, C., Opoku, R.A., Styven, M., & Berthon, J.P. (2008). Using brand personality to assess whether biotechnology firms are saying the right things to their network. Journal of Commercial Biotechnology, 14, 247–255.
Mal?r, L. & Nyffenegger, B., Krohmer, H., & Hoyer, W.D. (2011). Implementing an intended brand personality: a dyadic perspective. Journal of the Academic Marketing Science. to appear.
Neslin, S. A. (2002). Sales Promotion. Cambridge. MA: Marketing Science Institute.
van Rekom, J., Jacobs, G., & Verlegh, P.W.T. (2006). Measuring and managing the essence of a brand personality. Marketing Letters, 17, 181–192.
Schuiling, I., & Kapferer, J. N. (2004). Real differences between local and international brands: Strategic implications for international marketers. Journal of International Marketing, 12(4), 97–112.
Seggie, S.H., Cavusgil, E., & Phelan, S.E. (2007). Measurement of return on marketing investment: a conceptual framework and the future of marketing metrics. Industrial Marketing Management, 36(6), 834–841.
Srinivasan, S., Pauwels, K., Hanssens, D., & Dekimpe, M. (2004). Do promotions benefit manufacturers, retailers, or both? Management Science, 50(5), 617–629.
Swaminathan, V., Stilley, K.M., & Ahluwalia, R. (2009). When brand personality matters: the moderating role of attachment styles. Journal of Consumer Research, 35, 985–1002.
Sung, Y., & Tinkham, S. (2005). Brand personality structures in the United States and Korea: common and culture-specific factors. J Cons Psych, 15(4), 334–50.
Valette-Florence, P., Guizani, H., & Merunka, D. (2011). The impact of brand personality and sales promotions on brand equity. Journal of Business Research, 64, 24–28.
Wentzel, D. (2009). The effect of employee behavior on brand personality impressions and brand attitudes. Journal of the Academic Marketing Science, 37, 359–374.
Wysong, S. (2000). This brand & apos; s for you’: a conceptualization and investigation of brand personality as process with implications for brand management. Doctoral Dissertation, University of Texas at Arlington.
Aaker, J. (1997). Dimensions of brand personality. Journal of Marketing Resources, 24, 347–356.
Aaker, J., Benet-Martinez, V., & Garolera, J. (2001). Consumption symbols as carriers of culture: a study of Japanese and Spanish brand personality constructs. Journal of personality and social psychology, 81, 492–508.
Arvidsson, A. (2006). Brands Meaning and Value in Media Culture. Taylor & Francis e-Library.
Azoulay, A., & Kapferer, J.N. (2003). Do brand personality scales really measure brand personality? Brand Management, 11, 143?155.
Brakus, J.J., Schmitt, B.H., & Zarantonello, L. (2009). Brand experience: what is it? How is it measured? Does it affect loyalty? Journal of Marketing, 73(3), 52–68.
Caprara, G.V., & Perugini, M. (1994). Personality described by adjectives: Generalizability of the Big Five to the Italian lexical context. European Journal of Personality, 357–69.
Caprara, G.V., Barbaranelli, C., & Guido, G. (2001). Brand personality: how to make the metaphor fit? Journal of Econ Psychol, 2, 377–95.
De Raad, B. (2000). The Big Five Personality Factors: The Psycholexical Approach to Personality. G?ttingen: Hogrefe and Huber Publishers.
Fennis, B.M., Pruyn, A. T. H. (2007). You are what you wear: Brand personality influences on consumer impression formation. Journal of Business Research, 60, 634–639.
Freling, T. H., Crosno, J.L., & Henard, D.L. (2011). Brand personality appeal: conceptualization and empirical validation. Journal of the Academic Marketing Science, 39, 392–406.
Geuens, M., Weijters, B. & De Wulf, K. (2009). A new measure of brand personality. International Journal of Research in Marketing, 26, 97–107
Gillespie, K., Krishna, K., & Jarvis, S. (2002). Protecting global brands: Toward a global norm. Journal of International Marketing, 10(2), 99–113.
Gibbons, J. (2008). Discover your bank’s personality. ABA Bank Marketing, 30–35.
Goldberg, L.R. (1993). The structure of phenotypic personality traits. American Psychologist, 48, 26–34.
Goldberg, L.R., & Rosolack, T.K. (1994). The Big-Five structure as an integrative framework.An empirical comparison with Eysenck & apos; s P-E-N model. In: Halverson CG, Kohnstamm GA, Martin RP, editors. The Developing Structure of Temperament and Personality from Infancy to Adulthood. New York, NY: Erlbaum. 7-35.
Green, R.T. & Smith, T. (2004). Countering brand counterfeiters. Journal of International Marketing, 10(4), 89–106.
Grohmann, B. (2009). Gender dimensions of brand personality. Journal of Marketing Research, 46, 105–119.
Haig, M. (2003). Brand Failures. London: Kogan Page.
Henderson, P.W., Cote, J. A., Leong, S.M., & Schmitt, B. (2003). Building strong brands in Asia: selecting the visual components of image to maximize brand strength. International Journal of Research in Marketing, 20, 297–313.
Hess, S., Bauer, H., Kuester, S., & Huber, F. (2007). In brands we trust: marketing & apos; s impact on service brand personality and trust. European Marketing Academy 36th Conference Proceedings. May: 22–25, Iceland.
Hosany, S., Ekinci, Y., & Uysal, M. (2006). Destination image and destination personality: An application of branding theories to tourism places. Journal of Business Research, 59, 638–642.
Hsieh, M. H. (2004). Measuring global brand equity using cross-national survey data. Journal of International Marketing, 12(2), 28–57.
Keller, K. L. (1993). Conceptualizing, measuring and managing customer-based brand equity. Journal of Marketing, 57, 1–22.
Kim, H. (2000). Examination of brand personality and brand attitude within the apparel product category. Journal of Fashion Marketing Management, 4(3), 243–252.
Mela, C.F., Gupta, S., & Lehmann, D.R. (1997). The long-term impact of promotion and advertising on consumer brand choice. Journal of Marketing Resources, 34(2), 248–261.
Milas, G., & Mla?i?, B. (2007). Brand personality and human personality: Findings from ratings of familiar Croatian brands. Journal of Business Research, 60, 620–626.
Pitta, L.F., Opokub, R., Hultmanb, M., Abrattc, R., & Spyropouloud, S. (2007). What I say about myself: Communication of brand personality by African countries. Tourism Management, 28, 835–844.
Papania, L., Campbell, C., Opoku, R.A., Styven, M., & Berthon, J.P. (2008). Using brand personality to assess whether biotechnology firms are saying the right things to their network. Journal of Commercial Biotechnology, 14, 247–255.
Mal?r, L. & Nyffenegger, B., Krohmer, H., & Hoyer, W.D. (2011). Implementing an intended brand personality: a dyadic perspective. Journal of the Academic Marketing Science. to appear.
Neslin, S. A. (2002). Sales Promotion. Cambridge. MA: Marketing Science Institute.
van Rekom, J., Jacobs, G., & Verlegh, P.W.T. (2006). Measuring and managing the essence of a brand personality. Marketing Letters, 17, 181–192.
Schuiling, I., & Kapferer, J. N. (2004). Real differences between local and international brands: Strategic implications for international marketers. Journal of International Marketing, 12(4), 97–112.
Seggie, S.H., Cavusgil, E., & Phelan, S.E. (2007). Measurement of return on marketing investment: a conceptual framework and the future of marketing metrics. Industrial Marketing Management, 36(6), 834–841.
Srinivasan, S., Pauwels, K., Hanssens, D., & Dekimpe, M. (2004). Do promotions benefit manufacturers, retailers, or both? Management Science, 50(5), 617–629.
Swaminathan, V., Stilley, K.M., & Ahluwalia, R. (2009). When brand personality matters: the moderating role of attachment styles. Journal of Consumer Research, 35, 985–1002.
Sung, Y., & Tinkham, S. (2005). Brand personality structures in the United States and Korea: common and culture-specific factors. J Cons Psych, 15(4), 334–50.
Valette-Florence, P., Guizani, H., & Merunka, D. (2011). The impact of brand personality and sales promotions on brand equity. Journal of Business Research, 64, 24–28.
Wentzel, D. (2009). The effect of employee behavior on brand personality impressions and brand attitudes. Journal of the Academic Marketing Science, 37, 359–374.
Wysong, S. (2000). This brand & apos; s for you’: a conceptualization and investigation of brand personality as process with implications for brand management. Doctoral Dissertation, University of Texas at Arlington.