This paper studies the effect of drought stress and plant density on yield, component yield and content oil of Safflower. The paper conducts an experiment spilt block in the form of randomized complete block design in three replications at the research farm of agriculture college of Zanjan university in the year 2009. The main factor includes four levels of drought stress, which are normal, cut of one time irrigating before flowering, cut of one time irrigating after flowering, cut of one time irrigating in grain filling stage and sub plot including three-level plant density (200, 300, 400 thousands plant per each hectare). The results of experiment showed that biologic yield, seed yield, component yield and oil yield in different levels of drought stress and plant density were significantly different. The greatest biologic yield and seed yield were for treat cut of one time irrigating before flowering and treat 200 thousand bushes per each hectare. The highest seed yield and oil yield getting for treat normal and after that for treat cut of one time irrigating in grain filling stage.